Current trends and future challenges of electrolytes for sodium-ion batteries. (30th January 2016)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Vignarooban, K.; Kushagra, R.; Elango, A.; Badami, P.; Mellander, B.-E.; Xu, X.; Tucker, T.G.; Nam, C.; Kannan, A.M.
• Is Part Of: International journal of hydrogen energy. Volume 41:Number 4(2016)
• Page Start: 2829
• Page End: 2846
• Publication Date: 2016-01-30
• Subjects: Sodium ion batteries -- Liquid electrolytes -- Ionic liquids -- Ceramic electrolytes -- Polymer electrolytes -- Ionic conductivity; Hydrogen as fuel -- Periodicals; Hydrogène (Combustible) -- Périodiques; Hydrogen as fuel; Periodicals; 665.81
• DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2015.12.090
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0360-3199

Abstract

Abstract: Research and development efforts on sodium-ion batteries are gaining momentum due to their potential to accommodate high energy density coupled with relatively lower cost in comparison with lithium-ion batteries. In order for the sodium-ion batteries to be commercially viable, high performance electrolytes with acceptable ambient temperature ionic conductivity and wider electrochemical stability windows are being developed. A bibliometric analysis of the publications on various types of Na + ion conducting electrolytes since 1990 shows a total of 200 + publications and reveals an exponential growth in the last few years, due to reasons that the sodium-ion systems promise great potential as the future large scale power sources for variety of applications. This review consolidates the status of liquid (non-aqueous, aqueous and ionic), polymer gel and solid (ceramics, glasses, and solid polymers) electrolytes and discusses their ionic conductivity, thermal characteristics, electrochemical stability and viscosity towards applications in sodium-ion batteries. Among various types available, the non-aqueous solvent based electrolyte is the most promising one in terms of ionic conductivity even though it is flammable. Highlights: Physiochemical properties of liquid, ionic, glass ceramic, solid polymer and gel polymer electrolytes are compared. Na+ conductivity of (1 M NaClO4 -EC: PC) non-aqueous electrolyte is noted as 12.55 mS cm −1 . The R&D trend of the electrolyte for sodium ion batteries for room temperature application analyzed.