Pan-Africanism and Economic Nationalism: W. E. B. Du Bois's Black Reconstruction and the Failings of the "Black Marxism" Thesis. (November 2017)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Anderson, Patrick
• Is Part Of: Journal of black studies. Volume 48:Number 8(2017)
• Page Start: 732
• Page End: 757
• Publication Date: 2017-11
• Subjects: W. E. B. Du Bois -- Pan-Africanism -- Black Reconstruction -- Black Marxism -- Marxism; African Americans -- Periodicals; Black people -- Periodicals; 305.896073
• DOI: 10.1177/0021934717717979
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0021-9347

Abstract

In recent decades, it has become popular to read the later work of W. E. B. Du Bois through a Marxist lens. Not only is Du Bois often considered a participant in the Marxist tradition, his historiographical masterpiece Black Reconstruction is often offered up as evidence for such arguments. Here, I challenge those who have attempted to interpret Du Bois as a Marxist by situating his work in relation to the Pan-African tradition to which he dedicated decades of his life. Du Bois's views on Reconstruction and economics are shaped by Pan-African ideas, not Marxist theory, and his theoretical and practical confrontations with both his White and Black Marxist contemporaries reveals the distance between his Pan-Africanism and their Marxism. Contrary to the prevailing interpretations, Du Bois's Black Reconstruction is not a Marxist text but a Pan-Africanist argument against Marxism's inability to account for the structure of modern European Empire.