The effect of ionotropic gelation residence time on alginate cross-linking and properties. (2nd January 2017)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Patel, Mitulkumar A.; AbouGhaly, Mohamed H.H.; Schryer-Praga, Jacqueline V.; Chadwick, Keith
• Is Part Of: Carbohydrate polymers. Volume 155(2016)
• Page Start: 362
• Page End: 371
• Publication Date: 2017-01-02
• Subjects: AAP acetaminophen -- ANOVA analysis of variance -- ATR attenuated total reflectance -- BCS biopharmaceutical classification system -- CAP calcium alginate particle -- CSD Cambridge structure database -- DL drug loading -- EDS electron dispersive spectroscopy -- FTIR Fourier-transform infrared -- IG ionotropic gelation -- IGRT ionotropic gelation residence time (IGRT) -- f2 similarity factor -- SGF simulated gastric fluid -- SIF simulated intestinal fluid -- XRPD X-ray powder diffraction; Calcium alginate -- Ionotropic gelation residence time -- Electron dispersive spectroscopy -- Attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform IR -- Polymer cross-linking; Polysaccharides -- Periodicals; Polysaccharides -- Periodicals; Polysaccharides -- Périodiques; Electronic journals; 547.78
• DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.08.095
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0144-8617

Abstract

Highlights: ⿢ IGRT is the time of cross-linking, and deswelling and water migration (syneresis). ⿢ Extent of alginate cross-linking can be determined using EDS. ⿢ Surface and internal calcium concentration were determined separately. Abstract: The ability to engineer biocompatible polymers with controllable properties is highly desirable. One such approach is to cross-link carbohydrate polymers using ionotropic gelation (IG). Previous studies have investigated the effect of curing time on alginate cross-linking. Herein, we discuss a novel study detailing the effect of IG residence time (IGRT) on the cross-linking of alginate with calcium ions (Ca 2+ ) along with water migration (syneresis) and their subsequent impact on the pharmaceutical properties of alginate particles. IGRT was shown to have a significant effect on particle size, porosity, density, mechanical strength and swelling of calcium alginate particles as well as drug release mechanism. Furthermore, we describe a novel application of electron dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), in conjunction with Fourier Transform- infra red (FT-IR) spectroscopy, to analyze and monitor the changes in Ca 2+ concentration during cross-linking. A simple procedure to determine the concentration and distribution of the surface and internal Ca 2+ involved in alginate cross-linking was successfully developed.