No sex differences in long-term functional outcome after intracerebral hemorrhage. Issue 4 (June 2017)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: de Ridder, Inger; Kuramatsu, Joji; Gerner, Stefan; Madžar, Dominik; Lücking, Hannes; Kloska, Stefan; Dippel, Diederik; Schwab, Stefan; Huttner, Hagen B.
• Is Part Of: International journal of stroke. Volume 12:Issue 4(2017)
• Page Start: 416
• Page End: 420
• Publication Date: 2017-06
• Subjects: Intracerebral hemorrhage -- gender -- prognosis -- clinical epidemiology -- outcome; 616.8005
• DOI: 10.1177/1747493016677981
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1747-4930

Abstract

Background: There is conflicting evidence about the influence of sex on outcome after spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (sICH) and the majority of the research focused on mortality and short-term outcome only. We investigated sex differences in long-term functional outcome after sICH. Methods: We used data from a prospective hospital registry and included all consecutive patients with ICH admitted to our institution between January 2006 and July 2014. Functional outcome was assessed by modified Rankin Scale evaluated 3 and 12 months after ICH. We explored the influence of sex on long-term functional outcome using multivariable regression models and additionally by means of propensity score matching. Results: We analyzed 823 patients, of whom 380 (46%) women. Women were on average three years older (p < 0.001), men had more often deep hematomas (p = 0.01). Unadjusted mortality rates were significantly increased in women at three months (42% vs. 35%; odds ratio (OR): 1.35; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.02–1.80). After adjusting for baseline prognostic factors there were no differences between men and women in short- and long-term mortality (OR = 1.01; 95% CI = 0.66–1.54 and OR = 1.04; 95%CI = 0.69–1.57, respectively) and short- and long-term unfavorable outcome (OR = 1.02; 95%CI = 0.67–1.55 and OR = 0.96; 95% CI = 0.62–1.48, respectively). Conclusion: We found no sex-related differences in long-term functional outcome in patients with sICH. The apparently worse functional outcome in women can be explained by differences in age.