ID 75 – Personalizing the electrode to neuromodulate an extended cortical region. Issue 3 (March 2016)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Cancelli, A.; Cottone, C.; Giorgio, M. Di; Carducci, F.; Tecchio, F.
• Is Part Of: Clinical neurophysiology. Volume 127:Issue 3(2016:Mar.)
• Page Start: e98
• Publication Date: 2016-03
• Subjects: tACS -- Electrode personalization -- Cortical target -- Neuronavigation; Neurophysiology -- Periodicals; Electroencephalography -- Periodicals; Electromyography -- Periodicals; Neurology -- Periodicals; 612.8
• DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2015.11.329
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1388-2457

Abstract

Abstract : Objective: To test the need for the electrode personalization to induce neuromodulation effects on the bilateral primary motor cortex (M1) devoted to upper and lower limb representation. Methods: We shaped the personalized electrode and positioned it matching the projection on the scalp of the individual central sulcus by a 2 cm strip. The non personalized electrode, equal for all subjects, was a 2 cm wide strip size-matched with the personalized electrode but shaped on a standard model fitting the curve passing through C3-CZ-C4 sites.To test neuromodulation electrode-dependent efficacy, we induced a 20 Hz sinusoidal modulated current (transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation, tACS) because it produces online effects.We simultaneously collected left and right hand and leg motor potentials (MEP) that were evoked by a rounded transcranial magneticstimulation (TMS) coil. Through each electrode we delivered both real and sham stimulations. Results: While cortical excitability during tACS increased during both the non-personalized and the personalized electrodes for the leg, the hand representation excitability enhancement was induced selectively when using the personalized electrode. The results were consistent bilaterally. Conclusions: Personalized electrode can induce the neuromodulation of a predetermined extended cortical target, which is impossible with a non-personalized electrode. Our findings can help in building neuromodulations that compensate for alterations across specific brain networks.