Development and characterization of sugar palm nanocrystalline cellulose reinforced sugar palm starch bionanocomposites. (15th December 2018)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Ilyas, R.A.; Sapuan, S.M.; Ishak, M.R.; Zainudin, E.S.
• Is Part Of: Carbohydrate polymers. Volume 202(2019)
• Page Start: 186
• Page End: 202
• Publication Date: 2018-12-15
• Subjects: Sugar palm -- Starch -- Nanocrystalline cellulose -- Biodegradable films -- Nanocomposites -- Mechanical properties; Polysaccharides -- Periodicals; Polysaccharides -- Periodicals; Polysaccharides -- Périodiques; Electronic journals; 547.78
• DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.09.002
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0144-8617

Abstract

Graphical abstract: Highlights: SPNCCs were successfully isolated from sugar palm fibres via hydrolysis process. The SPS/SPNCCs showed improvement in mechanical, thermal and physical properties. The 0.5 wt% SPNFCs loaded SPS films showed 140% improved tensile strength. WA, WS and WVTR results showed improved water barrier property of SPS/SPNFCs film. Abstract: Sugar palm fibre (SPF) was treated with NaClO2, bleached with NaOH and subsequently hydrolyzed with acid to obtain sugar palm nanocrystalline cellulose (SPNCCs). Bionanocomposites in the form of films were prepared by mixing sugar palm starch (SPS) and sorbitol/glycerol with different nanofiller SPNCCs compositions (0–1.0 wt%) using solution casting method. The resulting fibres and nanocomposites were characterized in terms of morphology (FESEM and TEM), footprint, crystallinity (XRD), light transmittance, biodegradability, physical, water barrier, thermal (TGA, DSC and DMA) and mechanical properties. The length (L), diameter (D) and L/D values of the SPNCCs were 130 ± 30.23, 8.5 ± 1.82 nm, and 15.3, respectively. The SPS/SPNCCs nanocomposite films exhibited higher crystallinity, tensile strength, Young's modulus, thermal and water-resistance compared to the neat SPS film. The results showed that the tensile strength and moduli of the bionanocomposites increased after being reinforced with SPNCCs and the optimum nanofiller content was 0.5%.