Characterizing the biotransformation of sulfur-containing wastes in simulated landfill reactors. (July 2016)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Sun, Wenjie; Sun, Mei; Barlaz, Morton A.
• Is Part Of: Waste management. Volume 53(2016)
• Page Start: 82
• Page End: 91
• Publication Date: 2016-07
• Subjects: Sulfur-containing waste -- Coal combustion residue -- Ash -- Hydrogen sulfide -- Landfill; Hazardous wastes -- Periodicals; Refuse and refuse disposal -- Periodicals; 363.728
• DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2016.01.028
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0956-053X

Abstract

Highlights: A reactor method was developed to quantify H2 S production potential of solid wastes. This method eliminates H2S accumulation and toxicity to both H2 S and CH4 generation. This method was evaluated for a range of wastes commonly disposed in U.S. landfills. The H2 S production behavior varied significantly amongst the different wastes. Field-scale decay rate constants were estimated for H2 S production in landfills. Abstract: Landfills that accept municipal solid waste (MSW) in the U.S. may also accept a number of sulfur-containing wastes including residues from coal or MSW combustion, and construction and demolition (C&D) waste. Under anaerobic conditions that dominate landfills, microbially mediated processes can convert sulfate to hydrogen sulfide (H2 S). The presence of H2 S in landfill gas is problematic for several reasons including its low odor threshold, human toxicity, and corrosive nature. The objective of this study was to develop and demonstrate a laboratory-scale reactor method to measure the H2 S production potential of a range of sulfur-containing wastes. The H2 S production potential was measured in 8-L reactors that were filled with a mixture of the target waste, newsprint as a source of organic carbon required for microbial sulfate reduction, and leachate from decomposed residential MSW as an inoculum. Reactors were operated with and without N2 sparging through the reactors, which was designed to reduce H2 S accumulation and toxicity. Both H2 S and CH4 yields were consistently higher in reactors that were sparged with N2 although the magnitude of the effect varied. The laboratory-measured first order decay rate constants for H2 S and CH4 production were used to estimate constants that were applicable in landfills. The estimated constants ranged from 0.11 yr −1 for C&D fines to 0.38 yr −1 for a mixed fly ash and bottom ash from MSW combustion.