High trans but not saturated fat beverage causes an acute reduction in postprandial vascular endothelial function but not arterial stiffness in humans. (October 2016)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Lane-Cordova, Abbi D; Witmer, Jordan R; Dubishar, Kaitlyn; DuBose, Lyndsey E; Chenard, Catherine A; Siefers, Kyle J; Myers, Janie E; Points, Lauren J; Pierce, Gary L
• Is Part Of: Vascular medicine. Volume 21:Number 5(2016:Oct.)
• Page Start: 429
• Page End: 436
• Publication Date: 2016-10
• Subjects: cardiovascular disease -- flow-mediated dilation -- high-fat diet -- pulse wave velocity -- trans-fatty acid; Blood-vessels -- Diseases -- Periodicals; Peripheral vascular diseases -- Periodicals; Vascular Diseases -- Periodicals; Vaisseaux sanguins -- Maladies -- Périodiques; Maladies vasculaires périphériques -- Périodiques; 616.13
• DOI: 10.1177/1358863X16656063
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1358-863X

Abstract

A diet high in trans-fatty acids (TFAs) is associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) than a diet high in saturated fatty acids (SFAs), but the mechanisms remain unclear. We hypothesized that a beverage high in TFAs would cause a larger reduction in postprandial endothelial function and an increase in arterial stiffness, in part from greater reductions in insulin sensitivity, compared with a beverage high in SFAs. Eleven healthy adults (aged 47±5 years) ingested a warm test beverage (520 kcal, 56 g total fat, 5 g carbohydrate, 1 g protein) high in either TFAs or SFAs in a randomized cross-over study. Ingestion of the beverage high in TFAs ( p <0.01) but not high in SFAs ( p =0.49) decreased endothelial function (brachial artery flow-mediated dilation, mmΔ) at 3–4 hours ( p <0.01 for time; p =0.034 for interaction), but did not alter aortic stiffness or carotid β-stiffness. The homeostasis model of insulin resistance (interaction p =0.062) tended to decrease after SFAs but not TFAs. A beverage high in TFAs but not SFAs results in a postprandial reduction in endothelial function and a trend for decreased insulin sensitivity, potentially explaining the higher risk of CVD with a diet high in TFAs.