Comparison of oral microbiota in orthodontic patients and healthy individuals. (October 2018)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Sun, Fubo; Ahmed, Ayaz; Wang, Lina; Dong, Ming; Niu, Weidong
• Is Part Of: Microbial pathogenesis. Volume 123(2018)
• Page Start: 473
• Page End: 477
• Publication Date: 2018-10
• Subjects: Oral microbiota -- Orthodontic patients -- Oral infections -- Plaque -- PCR-DGGE; Pathogenic microorganisms -- Periodicals; Pathology, Molecular -- Periodicals; Communicable Diseases -- microbiology -- Periodicals; Communicable Diseases -- parasitology -- Periodicals; Micro-organismes pathogènes -- Périodiques; Pathologie moléculaire -- Périodiques; Electronic journals; 616.9041
• DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2018.08.011
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0882-4010

Abstract

Abstract: Orthodontic treatments often include dental displacement using a fixed retainer such as braces, which may result in the accumulation of plaque that provides a suitable environment for microorganisms to cause oral infection. So, this study was designed to investigate the microbial diversity among orthodontic patients and healthy individuals. Methods: Fifty individuals i.e. 30 orthodontic patients and 20 normal individuals were included in this study. Samples were collected during the midterm of orthodontic treatment (10–12 months). Saliva samples were collected and total DNA was isolated. Polymerase chain reaction denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) with universal primers targeting the V3 region of 16s rRNA was used to study the bacterial diversity among different orthodontic and control groups. After DGGE profile analysis, the predominant product bands from the gel were excised, cloned, and sequenced to confirm the taxonomic identity followed by its quantification by using real-time PCR with gene-specific primers. Results: Both orthodontic treatment and control groups formed two distinct clustering profiles, but the Shannon-Weaver index (H') indicated greater microbial diversity in the orthodontic group (P = 0.08). Sequence analysis and real-time PCR revealed a greater number of Pseudomonas spp. in the orthodontic group, while there was no significant difference in Streptococcal spp. Conclusion: This study suggested alterations in the oral microbiota following orthodontic treatment would provide diagnostic tools to identify prevalent microbes associated with oral infections that may prove useful for developing future therapies. Highlights: In this work, we employed a combined approach of DGGE and real-time PCR to assess the alternation of the oral microbiota in the orthodontic patients and healthy individuals, adding some insight into the characterization of oral microbiota in patients with orthodontic patients. We found Pseudomonas species dominate the oral microbiome of orthodontic patients, which cannot be detected from that of the healthy individuals. It is of great significance to get knowledge of the alterations of oral microbiota from orthodontic patients for prediction of the complication caused by orthodontics.