Emerging biomarkers for the combination of radiotherapy and immune checkpoint blockers. (October 2018)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Lhuillier, Claire; Vanpouille-Box, Claire; Galluzzi, Lorenzo; Formenti, Silvia Chiara; Demaria, Sandra
• Is Part Of: Seminars in cancer biology. Volume 52(2018)Part 2
• Page Start: 125
• Page End: 134
• Publication Date: 2018-10
• Subjects: CTC circulating tumor cell -- CTL cytotoxic T lymphocyte -- DC dendritic cell -- DDR DNA damage response -- DSB double-stand break -- dsDNA double-stranded DNA -- FDA Food and Drug Administration -- ICB immune checkpoint blocker -- IFN interferon -- IHC immunohistochemistry -- IRDS IFN-related DNA damage resistance signature -- MMR mismatch repair -- MSI microsatellite instability -- NK natural killer -- NSCLC non-small cell lung carcinoma -- RCD regulated cell death -- RT radiation therapy; DNA damage response -- Mutational load -- Natural killer cells -- PD-L1 -- Type I interferon; Cancer -- Periodicals; Neoplasms -- Periodicals; Review Literature; Cancer -- Périodiques; Electronic journals; 616.994
• DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2017.12.007
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1044-579X

Abstract

Abstract: Over the past few years, multiple immune checkpoint blockers (ICBs) have achieved unprecedented clinical success and have been approved by regulatory agencies for the treatment of an increasing number of malignancies. However, only a limited fraction of patients responds to ICBs employed as a standalone intervention, calling for the development of combinatorial regimens. Radiation therapy (RT) stands out as a very promising candidate for this purpose. Indeed, RT mediates antineoplastic effects not only by cytotoxic and cytostatic mechanisms, but also by modulating immunological functions, both locally (within the irradiated field) and systemically. As combinatorial regimens involving RT and ICBs are being developed and clinically tested at an accelerating pace, it is paramount to identify biomarkers that reliably predict the likelihood of individual patients to respond. Here, we discuss emerging biomarkers that may potentially predict the response of cancer patients to RT plus ICBs.