Conversion of l-lactate into n-caproate by a continuously fed reactor microbiome. (15th April 2016)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Kucek, Leo A.; Nguyen, Mytien; Angenent, Largus T.
• Is Part Of: Water research. Volume 93(2016)
• Page Start: 163
• Page End: 171
• Publication Date: 2016-04-15
• Subjects: Lactate -- n-Caproate -- Carboxylate platform -- Reactor microbiome -- Acrylate pathway -- Reverse β-oxidation pathway; CoA Coenzyme A -- COD chemical oxygen demand -- D-LDH NAD-dependent d-lactate dehydrogenase -- GC gas chromatography -- HPLC high-performance liquid chromatography -- HRT hydraulic retention time -- iD-LDH NAD-independent d-lactate dehydrogenase -- MCC medium-chain carboxylate -- OTU operational taxonomic unit -- PC principal coordinate -- PCoA principal coordinates analysis -- PCR polymerase chain reaction -- RGD reduction gas detector -- SCC short-chain carboxylate -- TOPO tri-n-octylphosphine oxide; Water -- Pollution -- Research -- Periodicals; 363.7394
• DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2016.02.018
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0043-1354

Abstract

Abstract: Conversion of lactate to n -caproate had been described for the type strain Megasphaera elsdenii in batch systems. Recently, investigators have also described production of n -caproate from endogenous or exogenous lactate with batch-fed reactor microbiome systems. However, no reports exist of lactate to n -caproate conversion within a continuously fed bioreactor. Since continuously fed systems are advantageous for biotechnology production platforms, our objective was to develop such a system. Here, we demonstrated continuous lactate to n -caproate conversion for more than 165 days. The volumetric n -caproate production rate (productivity) was improved when we decreased the operating pH from 5.5 to 5.0, and was again improved when we utilized in-line product recovery via pertraction (membrane-based liquid–liquid extraction). We observed a maximum n -caproate productivity of 6.9 g COD/L-d for a period of 17 days at anl -lactate loading rate of 9.1 g COD/L-d, representing the highest sustained lactate to n -caproate conversion rate ever reported. We had to manage two competing lactate conversion pathways: 1) the reverse β-oxidation pathway to n -caproate; and 2) the acrylate pathway to propionate. We found that maintaining a low residual lactate concentration in the bioreactor broth was necessary to direct lactate conversion towards n -caproate instead of propionate. These findings provide a foundation for the development of new resource recovery processes to produce higher-value liquid products ( e . g ., n -caproate) from carbon-rich wastewaters containing lactate or lactate precursors ( e . g ., carbohydrates). Graphical abstract: Highlights: Lactate to n -caproate conversion was demonstrated in a continuously fed bioreactor. The maximum volumetric n -caproate production rate was 6.9 g COD/L-d. The operating pH had to be decreased from 5.5 to 5.0 In-line pertraction (membrane-based liquid–liquid extraction) was utilized. The type strain Megasphaera elsdenii was nearly absent in the reactor microbiome.