Effect of melatonin on the reproductive cycle in female cats: a review of clinical experiences and previous studies. Issue 1 (January 2017)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Schäfer-Somi, Sabine
• Is Part Of: Journal of feline medicine and surgery. Volume 19:Issue 1(2017)
• Page Start: 5
• Page End: 12
• Publication Date: 2017-01
• Subjects: Cats -- Diseases -- Periodicals; Cats -- Surgery -- Periodicals; 636.8089
• DOI: 10.1177/1098612X15610369
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1098-612X

Abstract

Practical relevance: Cat breeders aim to suppress the sexual cycle for a defined period. This is a challenge as most preparations available for this intention are orally administered progestins; however, these drugs may have side effects, especially when used over a long period of time. Long-acting gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist implants have been used successfully to suppress the oestrous cycle in cats for a longer period. After removal of the implant, the duration of action was shortened; however, the re-occurrence of normal cyclicity cannot be foreseen. The search for alternatives is therefore ongoing. Clinical challenges: Another possibility for oestrus control is orally administered melatonin preparations; however, previous studies have shown that the effect was not satisfactory. After subcutaneous application of a melatonin implant developed for induction of oestrus in sheep (Melovine; Ceva Santé Animale), duration of oestrus suppression was shown to differ highly in individuals and in some cases no effect was observed. Nevertheless, it is used for short-term oestrus suppression in female cats. Aims: This article provides an overview of recent studies and clinical experiences of the use of melatonin as a contraceptive in cats. It explains the function of melatonin in cats, discusses previous studies, provides clinical experience with Melovine (27 cases) and elucidates advantages and disadvantages. Evidence base: Information provided in this article is drawn from the published literature and the author's own clinical experience.