Tension pneumomediastinum: A literal form of chest tightness. (February 2017)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Clancy, David J; Lane, Andrew S; Flynn, Peter W; Seppelt, Ian M
• Is Part Of: Journal of the Intensive Care Society. Volume 18:Number 1(2017:Feb.)
• Page Start: 52
• Page End: 56
• Publication Date: 2017-02
• Subjects: Pneumomediastinum -- Pneumocystic jirovecii pneumonia -- recruitment manoeuvres -- pneumatocele; Critical care medicine -- Periodicals; Intensive care units -- Periodicals; 616.028
• DOI: 10.1177/1751143716662665
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1751-1437

Abstract

Tension pneumomediastinum is a rare and life-threatening complication of mediastinal emphysema which can occur with mechanical ventilation. We present a case of tension mediastinum associated with mechanical ventilation in a patient with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome due to Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia. We discuss the mechanism and pathophysiology of tension pneumomediastinum, the potential association with Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia and recruitment manouvres, and its definitive emergency treatment.