Dysregulation of microRNA biogenesis machinery in cancer. (3rd May 2016)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Hata, Akiko; Kashima, Risa
• Is Part Of: Critical reviews in biochemistry and molecular biology. Volume 51:Number 3(2016)
• Page Start: 121
• Page End: 134
• Publication Date: 2016-05-03
• Subjects: Argonaute -- DGCR8 -- Dicer -- Drosha -- microRNA -- post-translational modifications -- pre-miRNA -- pri-miRNA -- processing -- stability -- TRBP; Biochemistry -- Periodicals; Molecular biology -- Periodicals; Biochemistry -- Periodicals; Molecular Biology -- Periodicals; Review Literature -- Periodicals; 572
• DOI: 10.3109/10409238.2015.1117054
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1040-9238

Abstract

Abstract: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are integral to the gene regulatory network. A single miRNA is capable of controlling the expression of hundreds of protein coding genes and modulate a wide spectrum of biological functions, such as proliferation, differentiation, stress responses, DNA repair, cell adhesion, motility, inflammation, cell survival, senescence and apoptosis, all of which are fundamental to tumorigenesis. Overexpression, genetic amplification, and gain-of-function mutation of oncogenic miRNAs ("onco-miRs") as well as genetic deletion and loss-of-function mutation of tumor suppressor miRNAs ("suppressor-miRs") are linked to human cancer. In addition to the dysregulation of a specific onco-miR or suppressor-miRs, changes in global miRNA levels resulting from a defective miRNA biogenesis pathway play a role in tumorigenesis. The function of individual onco-miRs and suppressor-miRs and their target genes in cancer has been described in many different articles elsewhere. In this review, we primarily focus on the recent development regarding the dysregulation of the miRNA biogenesis pathway and its contribution to cancer.