Control of self-assembly in micro- and nano-scale systems. (March 2015)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Paulson, Joel A.; Mesbah, Ali; Zhu, Xiaoxiang; Molaro, Mark C.; Braatz, Richard D.
• Is Part Of: Journal of process control. Volume 27(2015:Mar.)
• Page Start: 38
• Page End: 49
• Publication Date: 2015-03
• Subjects: Self-assembly -- Active self-assembly -- Directed self-assembly -- Controlled self-assembly -- Nanotechnology -- Systems nanotechnology -- Microsystems -- Microchemical systems; Process control -- Periodicals; Fabrication -- Contrôle -- Périodiques; Process control; Periodicals; Electronic journals; 660.281
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jprocont.2014.10.005
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0959-1524

Abstract

Abstract : Highlights: Describes challenges associated with the control of self-assembling systems. Describes the main strategies for addressing these challenges. Provides many specific examples to illustrate these strategies. Provides an outlook on future research directions for control of self-assembly. Abstract: Control of self-assembling systems at the micro- and nano-scale provides new opportunities for the engineering of novel materials in a bottom-up fashion. These systems have several challenges associated with control including high-dimensional and stochastic nonlinear dynamics, limited sensors for real-time measurements, limited actuation for control, and kinetic trapping of the system in undesirable configurations. Three main strategies for addressing these challenges are described, which include particle design (active self-assembly), open-loop control, and closed-loop (feedback) control. The strategies are illustrated using a variety of examples such as the design of patchy and Janus particles, the toggling of magnetic fields to induce the crystallization of paramagnetic colloids, and high-throughput crystallization of organic compounds in nanoliter droplets. An outlook of the future research directions and the necessary technological advancements for control of micro- and nano-scale self-assembly is provided.