The effect of ongoing blood loss on human serum concentrations of perfluorinated acids. (January 2015)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Lorber, M.; Eaglesham, G.E.; Hobson, P.; Toms, L.-M.L.; Mueller, J.F.; Thompson, J.S.
• Is Part Of: Chemosphere. Volume 118(2015)
• Page Start: 170
• Page End: 177
• Publication Date: 2015-01
• Subjects: AFFF aqueous film fire-fighting foams -- C concentration of a PFAA in serum -- D daily intake dose -- kP first order elimination rate -- NHANES National Health and Nutritional Evaluation Survey -- PFAA perfluorinated alkyl acid -- PFBA perfluorobutanoic acid -- PFBS perfluorobutane sulfonate -- PFDoDA perfluorododecanoic acid -- PFHxS perfluorohexane sulfonate -- PFNA perfluorononanoic acid -- PFOA perfluorooctanoic acid -- PFOS perfluorooctane sulfonate -- PFPeA perfluoropentanoic acid -- PFUnDA perfluoroundecanoic acid -- PK pharmacokinetic -- Vd volume of distribution; PFOS -- PFOA -- Menstruation -- Elimination -- Blood loss -- PK model; Pollution -- Periodicals; Pollution -- Physiological effect -- Periodicals; Environmental sciences -- Periodicals; Atmospheric chemistry -- Periodicals; 551.511
• DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.07.093
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0045-6535

Abstract

Highlights: We investigate if blood loss reduces body burdens of perfluorinated acids, PFAAs. PFAAs were lower in males requiring regular blood withdrawals for a medical condition. Pharmacokinetic (PK) modeling was able to duplicate this finding. PK modeling also showed that menstruation would also reduce PFAAs in women. Abstract: Perfluorinated alkyl acids (PFAAs) have been detected in serum at low concentrations in background populations. Higher concentrations haven been observed in adult males compared to females, with a possible explanation that menstruation offers females an additional elimination route. In this study, we examined the significance of blood loss as an elimination route of PFAAs. Pooled serum samples were collected from individuals undergoing a medical procedure involving ongoing blood withdrawal called venesection. Concentrations from male venesection patients were approximately 40% lower than males in the general population for perfluorohexane sulfonate (PFHxS), perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA). A simple pharmacokinetic model was used to test the hypothesis that blood loss could explain why adult males have higher concentrations of PFAAs than females, and why males undergoing venesections had lower concentrations compared to males in the general population. The model application generally supported these hypotheses showing that venesection might reduce blood serum concentrations by 37% (PFOA) and 53% (PFOS) compared to the observed difference of 44% and 37%. Menstruation was modeled to show a 22% reduction in PFOA serum concentrations compared to a 24% difference in concentrations between males and females in the background population. Uncertainties in the modeling and the data are identified and discussed.