Effects of pre-pregnancy body mass index and gestational weight gain on neonatal birth weight in women with gestational diabetes mellitus. (September 2018)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Wang, Na; Ding, Yan; Wu, Jiangnan
• Is Part Of: Early human development. Volume 124(2018)
• Page Start: 17
• Page End: 21
• Publication Date: 2018-09
• Subjects: Gestational diabetes -- Body mass index -- Weight gain -- Birth weight -- Macrosomia; Fetus -- Periodicals; Neonatology -- Periodicals; Prenatal influences -- Periodicals; 612.65
• DOI: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2018.07.008
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0378-3782

Abstract

Abstract: Aim: To study the impact of pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) and gestational weight gain (GWG) on neonatal birth weight in women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Methods: This was a prospective cohort study of 622 singleton pregnant women diagnosed with GDM recruited from 1 April 2014 and 30 December 2014 in a university teaching hospital in China. Binary logistic regression was used to analyze the factors influencing macrosomia. Results: Pre-pregnancy BMI categories were: underweight (10.6%), normal (65.6%), overweight (18.0%) and obese (5.8%). Mean GWG was 14.4 ± 4.8 kg and birth weight 3353.1 ± 467.3 g. The incidence of macrosomia was 7.8% and low birth weight 2.3%. Logistic regression analysis showed that pre-pregnancy BMI was not associated with macrosomia. However, excessive GWG was a risk factor for macrosomia (odds ratio (OR) 2.884, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.385–6.004, p < 0.01). In addition, high maternal fasting plasma glucose (FPG) (OR 1.933, 95% CI 1.126–3.316) and serum triglyceride (TG) (OR 1.235, 95% CI 1.053–1.449) in the third trimester of pregnancy were risk factors for macrosomia. Conclusions: Patients with GDM can be advised that excessive GWG and uncontrolled hyperglycaemia influence their chances for macrosomia. Highlights: This study shows that pre-pregnancy BMI is not associated with macrosomia among women with GDM. Excessive GWG and uncontrolled hyperglycaemia influence the chances for macrosomia. Inadequate GWG has no effect on birth weight among underweight and normal-weight women with GDM.