PP.02.39: ELEVATION OF AORTIC PULSE WAVE VELOCITY BY HIGH SODIUM INTAKE IN INDIVIDUALS WITH HYPERTENSION AND SODIUM SENSITIVITY. (June 2015) - Rhee, M.
Abstract : Objective: We evaluated the influence of sodium intake on aortic pulse wave velocity (PWV). Design and method: Thirty-one hypertensives and 70 normotensives were given 7 days of low sodium dietary approach to stop hypertension (DASH) diet (LSD, 100 mmol NaCl/day) and 7 days of high sodium DASH diet (HSD, 300 mmol NaCl/day) during 2 week hospitalization. Heart-femoral PWV (hfPWV) was measured and compared after the LSD and HSD. Results: The percent change in hfPWV from the LSD to the HSD in individuals with sodium sensitivity (SS) was higher compared to that in individuals with sodium resistance (SR). Individuals with SS had higher hfPWV after HSD compared to those after LSD (p = 0.001). The significant difference in hfPWV persisted in an analysis including mean blood pressure (MBP) as a covariate (p = 0.037). Hypertensives tended to show higher hfPWV after HSD compared to that after 7 days of LSD (p = 0.046). However, the difference was not significant in adjusted analysis with MBP (p = 0.210). In a subgroup analysis, hypertensives with SS showed significantly elevated hfPWV after HSD compared to that after LSD in adjusted analysis with MBP (p = 0.003), but hypertensives with SR, normotensives with SS and normotensive with SR did not. Conclusions: High sodium intake elevated aortic stiffness, which was blood pressure independent in hypertensives with SS. The result suggests that increased aortic stiffness due to high sodium intake may contribute to enhanced cardiovascular risk beyond BP elevation in hypertensives with SS.