A Methodology for Determining the Concentration of Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials in an Urban Environment. (2nd September 2018)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Swinney, Mathew W.; Peplow, Douglas E.; Patton, Bruce W.; Nicholson, Andrew D.; Archer, Daniel E.; Willis, Michael J.
• Is Part Of: Nuclear technology. Volume 203:Number 3(2018)
• Page Start: 325
• Page End: 335
• Publication Date: 2018-09-02
• Subjects: Naturally occurring radioactive material quantification -- background radiation -- urban environment; Nuclear engineering -- Periodicals; Nuclear engineering; Nuclear Physics; Periodicals; Periodicals; 621.48
• DOI: 10.1080/00295450.2018.1458558
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1943-7471

Abstract

Abstract: The detection of radioactive sources in an urban setting is greatly complicated by natural background radiation, which emanates from various materials including roadways, sidewalks, soil, and building exteriors. The method presented and demonstrated here represents an effort to characterize the concentration of naturally occurring radioactive material (NORM) in these types of materials. The location surveyed in this work was the Fort Indiantown Gap Combined Arms Collective Training Facility in Lebanon County, Pennsylvania. Over 70 measurements with a high-purity germanium detector were performed to ascertain the NORM concentrations present in the soil, asphalt, gravel, concrete, and walls found throughout the site. Monte Carlo radiation transport calculations were used to obtain detector responses for these various geometries and materials to convert these measurements into NORM concentration estimates. Finally, synthetic spectra were simulated using the predicted source terms and compared to actual measurements, showing acceptable agreement.