Association between plasma trans‐fatty acid concentrations and diabetes in a nationally representative sample of US adults1: 在具有全国代表性的美国成人样本中血浆反式脂肪酸浓度与糖尿病之间的关系. Issue 8 (24th March 2018)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Liu, Buyun; Sun, Yangbo; Snetselaar, Linda G.; Sun, Qi; Yang, Quanhe; Zhang, Zefeng; Liu, Liegang; Hu, Frank B.; Bao, Wei
• Is Part Of: Journal of diabetes. Volume 10:Issue 8(2018)
• Page Start: 653
• Page End: 664
• Publication Date: 2018-03-24
• Subjects: diabetes -- elaidic acid -- glucose metabolism -- insulin resistance -- trans‐fatty acid; 糖尿病 -- 反油酸、葡萄糖代谢 -- 胰岛素抵抗 -- 反式脂肪酸; Diabetes -- Periodicals; 618.3646005
• DOI: 10.1111/1753-0407.12652
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1753-0393

Abstract

Abstract: Background: A diet high in trans‐fatty acids (TFA) induces insulin resistance in rodent models and primates. However, previous epidemiological studies on the association between TFAs, based primarily on self‐reported intake from the diet, and diabetes in humans have yielded conflicting results. Herein we examined the associations of objectively measured plasma TFA concentrations with diabetes in a large population‐based study among US adults. Methods: We included 3801 participants aged ≥20 years from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999–2000 and 2009–10. Four major TFAs, namely palmitelaidic acid (C16:1 n‐7t), elaidic acid (C18:1 n‐9t), vaccenic acid (C18:1 n‐7t), and linolelaidic acid (C18:2 n‐6t, 9t), were measured in fasting plasma using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Diabetes was defined by self‐reported physician diagnosis, plasma fasting glucose ≥126 mg/dL, or HbA1c ≥6.5%. Results: After adjustment for other major risk factors, the odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) of diabetes comparing the highest with lowest quintile of plasma TFAs was 2.19 (1.27–3.79) for total TFAs ( P trend = 0.01), 2.34 (1.48–3.72) for elaidic acid ( P trend = 0.0004), 1.33 (0.82–2.15) for linolelaidic acid ( P trend = 0.18), 1.58 (0.97–2.58) for palmitelaidic acid ( P trend = 0.02), and 1.64 (0.95–2.84) for vaccenic acid ( P trend = 0.08). In addition, total TFAs, elaidic acid, palmitelaidic acid, and vaccenic acid were significantly associated with fasting glucose, fasting insulin, the insulin resistance index, and HbA1c. Conclusions: In a nationally representative population, plasma TFAs, in particular elaidic acid, were positively associated with diabetes and biomarkers of glucose metabolism. Abstract : Highlights This study comprehensively examined the association between plasma concentrations of the four major trans‐fatty acid (TFA) isomers and diabetes. Taking advantage of data from two National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) cycles, this study provides a larger range of TFA levels, which increases the ability to detect associations between TFAs and diabetes. Higher plasma concentrations of total TFAs, in particular elaidic acid, were associated with diabetes in US adults. In adults without diabetes, total TFAs, elaidic acid, palmitelaidic acid, and vaccenic acid were positively associated with biomarkers of altered glucose metabolism.