MARKERS OF ARTERIAL STIFFNESS AND ATHEROSCLEROSIS IN HIV-INFECTED INDIVIDUALS. (June 2018)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Nanoudis, S.; Pikilidou, M.; Yavropoulou, M.; Gogou, C.; Papagianni, M.; Gogou, A.; Loli, G.; Chrysanthidis, T.; Collaras, P.; Tsachouridou, O.; Chatzidimitriou, D.; Skoura, L.; Metallidis, S.; Zebekakis, P.
• Is Part Of: Journal of hypertension. Volume 36(2018)Supplement 1
• Publication Date: 2018-06
• Subjects: Hypertension -- Periodicals; Hypertension -- Periodicals; 616.132005
• DOI: 10.1097/01.hjh.0000539551.16405.fd
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1473-5598

Abstract

Abstract : Objective: HIV infection is associated with increased cardiovascular risk. Also, premature atherosclerosis is more frequent in HIV-infected individuals when compared with age-matched noninfected general population. According to 2013 ESH/ESC Guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension, carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) > 10m/s, carotid wall thickening (intima-media thickness, IMT > 0.9 mm) and plaque are subclinical markers of arterial stiffness and atherosclerosis representing asymptomatic organ damage. The objective of this study is the measurement of cfPWV, IMT and identification of plaque in common carotid in HIV-infected individuals of our unit. Design and method: cfPWV was determined by applanation tonometry using the Sphygmocor (Atcor, Australia) device in 69 male HIV-infected individuals over 50 years old (mean: 54.44 ± 3.5 years) without hypertension, diabetes mellitus and no history of cardiovascular disease. Furthermore, IMT and presence of plaque were measured in both common carotid arteries by carotid ultrasound in 44 HIV-infected individuals (mean: 54.77 ± 3.8 years). HIV history, including time of first positive HIV test and years of antiretroviral therapy, smoking (pack years), alcohol abuse, body mass index (BMI) and physical activity described as metabolic equivalents (METS) were recorded in all patients. Moreover, blood pressure and heart rate were measured and blood tests were performed for the calculation of eGFR, using MDRD formula, and lipid analysis (total, HDL, LDL cholesterol and triglycerides). Results: Mean cfPWV was 8.56 ± 1, 34m/s, mean left IMT (LIMT) 0.69 ± 0, 12 mm and mean right IMT (RIMT) 0.71 ± 0, 11 mm. cfPWV > 10m/s was determined in 12 out of 69 individuals (17.39%), while 4 out of 44 had LIMT > 0.9 mm (9.09%) and 5 out of 44 RIMT > 0.9 mm (11.36%). Plaque in at least one carotid was found in 12 out of 44 individuals (27.27%). Conclusions: Aortic stiffness was increased in 17.39% of our HIV-infected population over 50 years old with no history of hypertension, diabetes and cardiovascular disease, while subclinical atherosclerosis was present in 27.27% of them. Both of these markers indicate accelerated total cardiovascular risk.