Preterm Children Have Higher Risk Than Full-term Children of Invasive Pneumococcal Disease During the First 2 Years of Life. Issue 7 (July 2018)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Riise, Øystein Rolandsen; Laake, Ida; Vestrheim, Didrik; Winje, Brita Askeland; Moster, Dag; Storsæter, Jann
• Is Part Of: Pediatric infectious disease journal. Volume 37:Issue 7(2018)
• Publication Date: 2018-07
• Subjects: invasive pneumococcal disease -- preterm -- gestational age -- pneumococcal vaccine -- epidemiology; Communicable diseases in children -- Periodicals; Infection in children -- Periodicals; 618.929
• DOI: 10.1097/INF.0000000000001989
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0891-3668

Abstract

Abstract : Background: A few previous studies have reported an increased risk of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) in children born preterm, but this has not been investigated in a cohort study. The impact of 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) on IPD incidence rates in preterm children is unknown. Methods: Data from the Medical Birth Registry of Norway (2002–2010) were linked to other national registries. In total, 628, 138 children were included in our study and followed until 2 years of age. Incidence rate ratios (IRRs) and confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated with Poisson regression. Results: We identified 411 cases of IPD. We observed higher rates of IPD in preterm than in full-term children for the intervals 0–23, 0–5 and 6–23 months of age, IRRs = 1.83 (95 % CI: 1.36–2.47), 2.95 (95% CI: 1.44–6.06) and 1.69 (95% CI: 1.22–2.34), respectively. The risk for IPD was reduced in the PCV7-period (2007–2010) compared with that of the pre PCV7-period (2002–2005) for children 6–23 months of age, IRRs = 0.20 (95% CI: 0.08–0.53) for preterm children and 0.28 (95% CI: 0.21–0.38) for full-term children, but not for those 0–5 months of age, IRRs = 1.94 (95% CI: 0.48–7.80) and 0.71 (95% CI: 0.38–1.33). Conclusions: Preterm children had an increased risk of IPD. After introduction of PCV7, the rate of IPD was reduced among preterm and full-term children from 6 months of age. Abstract : Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text.