Immuno-modified superparamagnetic nanoparticles via host–guest interactions for high-purity capture and mild release of exosomes. Issue 29 (17th July 2018)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Cai, Shuang; Luo, Bin; Jiang, Peipei; Zhou, Xiaoxi; Lan, Fang; Yi, Qiangying; Wu, Yao
• Is Part Of: Nanoscale. Volume 10:Issue 29(2018)
• Page Start: 14280
• Page End: 14289
• Publication Date: 2018-07-17
• Subjects: Nanoscience -- Periodicals; Nanotechnology -- Periodicals; 620.505
• DOI: 10.1039/c8nr02871k
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2040-3364

Abstract

Abstract : Host–guest interactions involved immunoaffinity superparamagnetic nanoparticles for fast, high-efficiency and high-purity exosome isolation and elution. Abstract : The study of exosomes has great significance for cancer diagnosis and prognosis, in which damage-free isolation of exosomes is a critically important step due to their extremely low concentration in body fluids. Herein, immunoaffinitive superparamagnetic nanoparticles (IS-NPs) were successfully constructed by combining antibodies with superparamagnetic nanoparticles through host–guest interactions between β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) and 4-aminoazobenzene (AAB). Exosomes in cell-culture supernatants or body fluids can be efficiently captured by IS-NPs and then mildly eluted by competitive host molecules, α-CD. Approximately 80% of the exosomes were captured by the IS-NPs from the model samples containing varied concentrations of exosomes (10 11 –10 7 exosomes per mL). After elution, the release efficiency of the captured exosomes was as high as 86.5%, as calculated from the extracted RNA content. A comparison between the exosomes isolated by our IS-NPs, conventional ultracentrifugation (UC), polyethylene glycol (PEG)-based precipitation, and a commercial kit was conducted to examine the performance of the IS-NP exosome isolation. The particle-to-protein ratio of IS-NP captured exosomes (8.8 ± 1.3 × 10 9 ) was eight-fold higher than that of the UC (1.1 ± 0.4 × 10 9 ) and more than two-fold that of the PEG-based precipitation (3.7 ± 0.8 × 10 9 ) and commercial kit (3.2 ± 0.8 × 10 9 ) isolated ones, revealing that IS-NPs yielded more exosomes with higher purity than all the other three approaches. Cellular uptake experiments demonstrated that the exosomes captured by IS-NPs have retained their structural and functional integrities, and their broad applications in biomedical areas could therefore be expected. Promisingly, this host–guest interaction involving immunoaffinity magnetic particle system could offer a new way for fast, high-efficiency and high-purity exosome isolation and elution, further benefitting exosomes' applications in desired areas.