Efficacy of new natural biomodification agents from Anacardiaceae extracts on dentin collagen cross-linking. Issue 10 (October 2017)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Moreira, M.A.; Souza, N.O.; Sousa, R.S.; Freitas, D.Q.; Lemos, M.V.; De Paula, D.M.; Maia, F.J.N.; Lomonaco, D.; Mazzetto, S.E.; Feitosa, V.P.
• Is Part Of: Dental materials. Volume 33:Issue 10(2017)
• Page Start: 1103
• Page End: 1109
• Publication Date: 2017-10
• Subjects: Dentin -- Collagen -- Biomaterials -- Restorative dentistry -- Biomechanics; Dentistry -- Periodicals; Dental materials -- Periodicals; 617.695
• DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2017.07.003
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0109-5641

Abstract

Graphical abstract: Highlights: Phenolic compounds from cashew nut shell liquid were investigated regarding the interaction with dentin collagen. Aroeira bark extract was also, for the first time, investigation on dentin biomodification. Major components of CNSL provide optimal collagen crosslinking significantly higher than PACs of grape-seed extract. Unlike aroeira and grape-seed extracts, treatment with CNSL does not stain dentin collagen in dark brown. Abstract: Objectives: Several polyphenols from renewable sources were surveyed for dentin biomodification. However, phenols from cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL, Anacardium occidentale) and from Aroeira ( Myracrodruon urundeuva ) extract have never been evaluated. The present investigation aimed to compare the dentin collagen crosslinking (biomodification) effectiveness of polyphenols from Aroeira stem bark extract, proanthocyanidins (PACs) from grape-seed extract ( Vitis vinifera ), cardol and cardanol from CNSL after clinically relevant treatment for one minute. Methods: Three-point bending test was used to obtain the elastic modulus of fully demineralized dentin beams before and after biomodification, whilst color change and mass variation were evaluated after four weeks water biodegradation. Color aspect was assessed by optical images after biodegradation whereas collagen cross-linking was investigated by micro-Raman spectroscopy. Statistical analysis was performed with repeated-measures two way ANOVA and Tukey's test (p < 0.05). Results: The increase in elastic modulus after biomodification was in the order cardol > cardanol > aroeira = PACs with cardol solution achieving mean 338.2% increase. The mass increase after biomodification followed the same order aforementioned. Nevertheless, after four weeks aging, more hydrophobic agent (cardanol) induced the highest resistance against water biodegradation. Aroeira and cardol attained intermediate outcomes whereas PACs provided the lower resistance. Tannin-based agents (Aroeira and PACs) stained the specimens in dark brown color. No color alteration was observed with cardol and cardanol treatments. All four agents achieved crosslinking in micro-Raman after one minute application. Significance: In conclusion, major components of CNSL yield overall best dentin biomodification outcomes when applied for one minute without staining the dentin collagen.