Relationship Between the Apolipoprotein E Genotype and LDL Particle Size in Patients With Obstructive Sleep Apnea. (November 2016)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Vekic, Jelena; Joppa, Pavol; Habalova, Viera; Tisko, Radovan; Zeljkovic, Aleksandra; Pobeha, Pavol; Gojkovic, Tamara; Spasojevic-Kalimanovska, Vesna; Strbova, Zuzana; Kuklisova, Zuzana; Slaba, Eva; Rizzo, Manfredi; Tkacova, Ruzena
• Is Part Of: Angiology. Volume 67:Number 10(2016)
• Page Start: 937
• Page End: 944
• Publication Date: 2016-11
• Subjects: obstructive sleep apnea -- small -- dense LDL -- HDL subclasses -- APOE gene polymorphism -- metabolic syndrome; Blood-vessels -- Diseases -- Periodicals; Cardiovascular system -- Diseases -- Periodicals; 616.13005
• DOI: 10.1177/0003319716636512
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0003-3197

Abstract

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with dyslipidemia and increased cardiovascular risk. We assessed the effects of apolipoprotein E ( APOE ) genotype on low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) particle size and lipid subclasses (separated by gradient gel electrophoresis) in patients with OSA. Stable patients (n = 181) prospectively recruited underwent full polysomnography. Both LDL particle size and LDL I proportion were reduced from ∊3∊3 homozygotes to ∊2 carriers and to ∊4 carriers (analysis of variance: P = .024; P = .040, respectively); carriers of the ∊4 allele of the APOE genotype had significantly lower LDL particle size and LDL I proportion compared to ∊3∊3 homozygotes ( P < .05 for both comparisons). Insulin resistance increased from patients with no OSA to those with mild–moderate and to those with severe OSA ( P < .001). In multivariate analysis, LDL size was independently predicted by APOE genotype, male gender, and the presence of metabolic syndrome (MetS; P = .001, P = .020, P = .027, respectively). The HDL particle size was not affected by APOE genotype. Our data demonstrate that both the ∊4 APOE genotype and MetS are independently related to smaller LDL size in patients with OSA.