Perpendicular Cultivation for Improved In-Row Weed Control in Organic Peanut Production. (March 2015)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Johnson, W. Carroll; Davis, Jerry W.
• Is Part Of: Weed technology. Volume 29:Number 1(2015)
• Page Start: 128
• Page End: 134
• Publication Date: 2015-03
• Subjects: Florida beggarweed, Desmodium tortuosum (Sw.) DC, -- smallflower morningglory, Jacquemontia tamnifolia (L.) Griseb., -- southern crabgrass, Digitaria ciliaris (Retz.) Koel., -- Texas millet, Urochloa texana (Buckl.) R. Webster, -- yellow nutsedge, Cyperus esculentus L., -- peanut, Arachis hypogaea L.; Cross-cultivation, -- mechanical weed control, -- organic weed control, -- physical weed control, -- tine weeder; Weeds -- Periodicals; Weeds -- Control -- Periodicals; 632.5
• DOI: 10.1614/WT-D-14-00083.1
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0890-037X

Abstract

Abstract : Intensive cultivation in organic peanut is partially effective, but in-row weed control remains problematic. In an attempt to improve in-row weed control, irrigated trials were conducted from 2011 to 2013 near Ty Ty, GA to determine the feasibility of early-season cultivation perpendicular to row direction using a tine weeder when integrated with other weed-control practices. Combinations of perpendicular cultivation (cultivation perpendicular to row direction), parallel cultivation (cultivation in the same direction of the rows), and banded applications of herbicides derived from natural sources were compared. Perpendicular cultivation improved overall weed control and peanut yield (two years of three), but this benefit was independent of weed control from any form of parallel cultivation. Additionally, tractor tire tracks from perpendicular cultivation across the rows repeatedly crushed peanut seedlings. Parallel cultivation with the tine weeder was generally more effective than parallel cultivation with sweeps, particularly for southern crabgrass and Texas millet. Herbicides derived from natural products were inconsistent in controlling dicot weeds, ineffective in controlling annual grasses, and did not protect peanut yield from weed interference.