Cardiometabolic disease and features of depression and bipolar disorder: Population-based, cross-sectional study. (April 2016)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Martin, Daniel J.; Ul-Haq, Zia; Nicholl, Barbara I.; Cullen, Breda; Evans, Jonathan; Gill, Jason M. R.; Roberts, Beverly; Gallacher, John; Mackay, Daniel; McIntosh, Andrew; Hotopf, Matthew; Craddock, Nick; Deary, Ian J.; Pell, Jill P.; Smith, Daniel J.
• Is Part Of: British journal of psychiatry. Volume 208:Number 4(2016)
• Page Start: 343
• Page End: 351
• Publication Date: 2016-04
• Subjects: Psychiatry -- Periodicals; Psychology, Pathological -- Periodicals; 616.89005
• DOI: 10.1192/bjp.bp.114.157784
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0007-1250

Abstract

Abstract : Background: The relative contribution of demographic, lifestyle and medication factors to the association between affective disorders and cardiometabolic diseases is poorly understood. Aims: To assess the relationship between cardiometabolic disease and features of depresion and bipolar disorder within a large population sample. Method: Cross-sectional study of 145 991 UK Biobank participants: multivariate analyses of associations between features of depression or bipolar disorder and five cardiometabolic outcomes, adjusting for confounding factors. Results: There were significant associations between mood disorder features and 'any cardiovascular disease' (depression odds ratio (OR) = 1.15, 95% CI 1.12–1.19; bipolar OR = 1.28, 95% CI 1.14–1.43) and with hypertension (depression OR = 1.15, 95% CI 1.13–1.18; bipolar OR = 1.26, 95% CI 1.12–1.42). Individuals with features of mood disorder taking psychotropic medication were significantly more likely than controls not on psychotropics to report myocardial infarction (depression OR = 1.47, 95% CI 1.24–1.73; bipolar OR = 2.23, 95% CI 1.53–3.57) and stroke (depression OR = 2.46, 95% CI 2.10–2.80; bipolar OR = 2.31, 95% CI 1.39–3.85). Conclusions: Associations between features of depression or bipolar disorder and cardiovascular disease outcomes were statistically independent of demographic, lifestyle and medication confounders. Psychotropic medication may also be a risk factor for cardiometabolic disease in individuals without a clear history of mood disorder.