ESCRT and autophagies: Endosomal functions and beyond. (February 2018)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Lefebvre, Christophe; Legouis, Renaud; Culetto, Emmanuel
• Is Part Of: Seminars in cell & developmental biology. Volume 74(2018)
• Page Start: 21
• Page End: 28
• Publication Date: 2018-02
• Subjects: ALIX apoptosis-linked gene 2-interacting protein X -- AMBRA1 autophagy/beclin-1 regulator 1 -- ATG autophagy related -- Beclin 1 Bcl-2 interacting protein 1 -- Bif-1/SH3GLB1 SH3-domain GRB2-like endophilin B1 -- CHMP charged multivesicular body protein -- CMA chaperone mediated autophagy -- COP coat protein complex -- CVT cytoplasmic-to-vacuole targeting -- DFCP1 double FYVE domain-containing protein 1 -- ESCRT endosomal sorting complex required for transport -- eMI endosomal microautophagy -- EM electron microscopy -- ER endoplasmic reticulum -- FREE1 FYVE domain protein required for endosomal sorting 1 -- FYVE Fab 1, YOTB, Vac 1 and EEA1 -- hsc70 heat shock cognate of 70 kDa -- LAMP-2A lysosome-associated membrane protein 2A -- ILVs intra-luminal vesicles -- IM isolation membrane -- IST1 increased salt tolerance 1 -- LBPA lysobisphosphatidic acid -- LC3/MAP1LC3 microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 -- LIP5 Lyst-interacting protein 5 -- MEF mouse embryonic fibroblast -- mTORC1 mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 -- MVB multivesicular body -- NDP52 nuclear dot protein 52 kDa -- NVT Nbr1-mediated vacuolar targeting -- PDCD6IP programmed cell death 6 interacting protein -- PE phosphatidylethanolamine -- PI3KC3-C1 class III phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase complex 1 -- PI3P phosphatidylinositol 3 phosphate -- Rubicon RUN domain and cysteine rich domain containing -- SM Sec1/Munc18-like proteins -- SNARE soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor -- Tom1 target of Myb 1 -- ULK1 unc-51-like autophagy activating kinase 1 -- UVRAG UV radiation resistance associated -- VAMP vesicle associated membrane protein -- Vps vacuolar protein sorting -- Vta1 Vps twenty associated 1 -- WIPI WD repeat phosphoinositide interacting; ESCRT -- Autophagy -- Amphisome -- ATG -- Autophagosome -- Endosome; Cytology -- Periodicals; Developmental biology -- Periodicals; 571.6
• DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2017.08.014
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1084-9521

Abstract

Graphical abstract: Highlights: ESCRT complexes participate to microautophagy and macroautophagy processes. ESCRT are required for endosomal membrane deformation to internalize cytosolic components in endosomal microautophagy. Maturation of endosome by ESCRT machinery is required for fusion with autophagosome to form amphisome during macroautophagy. ESCRT subunits could be involved in final maturation step of autophagosome. Recent studies indicate novel cross-interactions between ESCRT and macroautophagy proteins. Abstract: ESCRT (endosomal sorting complex required for transport) machinery has been initially identified for its role during endocytosis, which allows membrane proteins and lipids to be degraded in the lysosome. ESCRT function is required to form intraluminal vesicles permitting internalization of cytosolic components or membrane embedded cargoes and promoting endosome maturation. ESCRT machinery also contributes to multiple key cell mechanisms in which it reshapes membranes. In addition, ESCRT actively participates in different types of autophagy processes for degrading cytosolic components, such as endosomal microautophagy and macroautophagy. During macroautophagy, ESCRT promotes formation of multivesicular bodies, which can fuse with autophagosomes to generate amphisomes. This latter fusion probably brings to autophagosomes key membrane molecules necessary for the subsequent fusion with lysosomes. Interestingly, during macroautophagy, ESCRT proteins could be involved in non-canonical functions such as vesicle tethering or phagophore membrane sealing. Additionally, ESCRT subunits could directly interact with key autophagy related proteins to build a closer connection between endocytosis and autophagy pathways.