The irony of epistemic learning: epistemic communities, policy learning and the case of Europe's hormones saga. Issue 2 (3rd April 2017)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Dunlop, Claire A.
• Is Part Of: Policy & society. Volume 36:Issue 2(2017)
• Page Start: 215
• Page End: 232
• Publication Date: 2017-04-03
• Subjects: Epistemic communities -- European Union (EU) -- hormone growth promoters -- irony of epistemic learning -- policy learning -- politics of expertise; Policy sciences -- Periodicals; Social policy -- Periodicals; Economic policy -- Periodicals; International relations -- Periodicals; Sciences de la politique -- Périodiques; Politique sociale -- Périodiques; Politique économique -- Périodiques; Relations internationales -- Périodiques; Australia -- Politics and government -- 1945- -- Periodicals; Australia -- Economic conditions -- 1945- -- Periodicals; Pacific Area -- Politics and government -- Periodicals; Pacific Area -- Economic conditions -- Periodicals; Australie -- Politique et gouvernement -- 1945- -- Périodiques; Australie -- Conditions économiques -- 1945- -- Périodiques; Pacifique, Région du -- Politique et gouvernement -- Périodiques; Pacifique, Région du -- Conditions économiques -- Périodiques; 320.605
• DOI: 10.1080/14494035.2017.1322260
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1449-4035

Abstract

Abstract: Epistemic communities are at their most powerful in novel and technically complex policy issues when decision-makers' and stakeholders' understandings are rudimentary. A successful epistemic community reduces uncertainty through policy learning. These lessons enable policy actors to recognize their preferences thus making such issues more tractable. However, policy learning is dynamic and has various modes. Where an epistemic community's advice points in unfavourable policy directions, rival lessons may be crafted by policy actors thus threatening an epistemic community's place as principal teacher on an issue. What happens to the influence of epistemic communities that do not attend to these alternative interpretations? Can epistemic communities teach in the 'wrong' mode? Using the empirical case of the long-running hormone growth promoters saga in the European Union (EU) we show how, even in complex technical issues, learning in the epistemic mode may not dominate for long. Specifically, we identify a key barrier to epistemic communities' influence neglected in the literature: the 'irony of epistemic learning'. In setting the foundational knowledge on novel issues, epistemic communities provide non-specialist governance actors with the resources to oppose the very knowledge these experts have created thereby curtailing their influence. We conclude with a discussion about whether epistemic communities can and should overcome this irony.