Diet quality, inflammation, and the ankle brachial index in adults with or without cardiometabolic conditions. Issue 4 (August 2018)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Mattei, Josiemer; Sotres-Alvarez, Daniela; Gellman, Marc; Castañeda, Sheila F.; Hu, Frank B.; Tucker, Katherine L.; Siega-Riz, Anna Maria; Kaplan, Robert C.
• Is Part Of: Clinical nutrition. Volume 37:Issue 4(2018)
• Page Start: 1332
• Page End: 1339
• Publication Date: 2018-08
• Subjects: Diet quality -- Inflammation -- Ankle brachial blood pressure index -- Subclinical vascular disease -- Peripheral arterial disease -- HCHS/SOL; Critically ill -- Nutrition -- Periodicals; Diet therapy -- Periodicals; Parenteral feeding -- Periodicals; Enteral feeding -- Periodicals; Enteral Nutrition -- Periodicals; Parenteral Nutrition -- Periodicals; Metabolism -- Periodicals; Diétothérapie -- Périodiques; Alimentation parentérale -- Périodiques; Alimentation entérale -- Périodiques; Nutrition -- Périodiques; Diet therapy; Enteral feeding; Nutrition; Parenteral feeding; Electronic journals; Periodicals; Electronic journals; 615.854
• DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2017.06.003
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0261-5614

Abstract

Summary: Background & aims: Diet quality may influence non-traditional cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors – namely, C-reactive protein (CRP) and the ankle-brachial index (ABI). Pre-existing traditional cardiometabolic conditions may confound this association. We aimed to determine whether diet quality was associated with high-risk CRP or ABI, independently from traditional cardiometabolic risk factors. Methods: Baseline data were analyzed from US-Hispanics/Latinos aged 18–74 y without previously-diagnosed CVD participating in the population-based Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos cohort. Included were 14, 623 participants with CRP data, and 7892 participants (≥45 y) with ABI data. Diet quality was measured with the Alternate Healthy Eating Index (AHEI). Results: Nearly 35% of Hispanics/Latinos had high-risk CRP concentration and 6.3% had high-risk ABI (peripheral artery disease (PAD): 4.2%; arterial stiffness: 2.1%). After adjusting for sociodemographic and lifestyle factors, diabetes, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and obesity, the odds (95% confidence interval) of having high-risk ABI were 37% (5, 44%) lower per 10-unit increase in AHEI ( p = 0.018). The association was marginally significant for PAD (0.77 (0.58, 1.00); p = 0.05), and non-significant for arterial stiffness ( p = 0.16). Each 10-unit increase in AHEI was associated with 21% (10, 30%) lower odds of high-risk CRP ( p = 0.0002) after similar adjustments. There were no significant interactions between AHEI and age, sex, ethnicity, smoking, or pre-existing cardiometabolic conditions for associations with ABI. The association between AHEI and high-risk CRP was stronger for those with diabetes ( p -interaction < 0.0001), obesity ( p -interaction = 0.005), or ages 45–74 y ( p -interaction = 0.011). Conclusions: Higher diet quality is associated with lower inflammation and less adverse ABI among Hispanics/Latinos, independently from traditional cardiometabolic risk factors. Highlights: Higher diet quality is associated with less adverse ankle brachial index. Higher diet quality is associated with lower inflammation (C-reactive protein). Better diet quality may help lower CRP for those with diabetes, obesity, age = 45–75 y. Associations were independent from pre-existing traditional cardiometabolic factors. A healthy overall diet may help lower emerging CVD-risk factors among Hispanics.