Prevalence and predictive value of pre-therapeutic sarcopenia in cancer patients: A systematic review. Issue 4 (August 2018)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Pamoukdjian, Frédéric; Bouillet, Thierry; Lévy, Vincent; Soussan, Michael; Zelek, Laurent; Paillaud, Elena
• Is Part Of: Clinical nutrition. Volume 37:Issue 4(2018)
• Page Start: 1101
• Page End: 1113
• Publication Date: 2018-08
• Subjects: Sarcopenia -- Cancer -- Survival -- Chemotherapy -- Toxicity -- Post-operative complications; Critically ill -- Nutrition -- Periodicals; Diet therapy -- Periodicals; Parenteral feeding -- Periodicals; Enteral feeding -- Periodicals; Enteral Nutrition -- Periodicals; Parenteral Nutrition -- Periodicals; Metabolism -- Periodicals; Diétothérapie -- Périodiques; Alimentation parentérale -- Périodiques; Alimentation entérale -- Périodiques; Nutrition -- Périodiques; Diet therapy; Enteral feeding; Nutrition; Parenteral feeding; Electronic journals; Periodicals; Electronic journals; 615.854
• DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2017.07.010
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0261-5614

Abstract

Summary: Background & aims: To assess the prevalence of sarcopenia before cancer treatment and its predictive value during the treatment. Methods: We searched MEDLINE via PubMed for articles published from 2008 to 2016 that reported prospective observational or interventional studies of the prevalence of pre-therapeutic sarcopenia and its consequences in adults with cancer who were 18 years or older. Two independent reviewers selected articles based on titles and/or abstracts before a complete review. Sarcopenia had to be measured before cancer treatment. Methods recommended by consensuses (CT scan, MRI, dual X-ray absorptiometry or bio-impedancemetry) to assess sarcopenia were considered. Characteristics of the studies included the prevalence of pre-therapeutic sarcopenia and the prognostic value for outcomes during the cancer treatment. Results: We selected 35 articles involving 6894 participants (in/out patients, clinical trials). The mean age ranged from 53 to 69.6 years. Pre-therapeutic sarcopenia was found in 38.6% of patients [95% CI 37.4–39.8]. Oesophageal and small-cell lung cancers showed the highest prevalence of pre-therapeutic sarcopenia. Pre-therapeutic sarcopenia was significantly and independently associated with post-operative complications, chemotherapy-induced toxicity and poor survival in cancer patients. Conclusions: Pre-therapeutic sarcopenia is highly prevalent in cancer patients and has severe consequences for outcomes of cancer patients.