X-ray diffraction from bone employing annular and semi-annular beams. (10th July 2015)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Dicken, A J; Evans, J P O; Rogers, K D; Stone, N; Greenwood, C; Godber, S X; Prokopiou, D; Clement, J G; Lyburn, I D; Martin, R M; Zioupos, P
• Is Part Of: Physics in medicine & biology. Volume 60:Number 15(2015:Aug.)
• Page Start: 5803
• Page End: 5812
• Publication Date: 2015-07-10
• Subjects: x-ray diffraction -- diagnostics -- osteoporosis -- annular beam; Biophysics -- Periodicals; Medical physics -- Periodicals; 610.153
• DOI: 10.1088/0031-9155/60/15/5803
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0031-9155

Abstract

Abstract: There is a compelling need for accurate, low cost diagnostics to identify osteo-tissues that are associated with a high risk of fracture within an individual. To satisfy this requirement the quantification of bone characteristics such as 'bone quality' need to exceed that provided currently by densitometry. Bone mineral chemistry and microstructure can be determined from coherent x-ray scatter signatures of bone specimens. Therefore, if these signatures can be measured, in vivo, to an appropriate accuracy it should be possible by extending terms within a fracture risk model to improve fracture risk prediction. In this preliminary study we present an examination of a new x-ray diffraction technique that employs hollow annular and semi-annular beams to measure aspects of 'bone quality'. We present diffractograms obtained with our approach from ex vivo bone specimens at Mo K α and W K α energies. Primary data is parameterized to provide estimates of bone characteristics and to indicate the precision with which these can be determined.