Beauty stereotypes affect the generalization of behavioral traits associated with previously seen faces. (1st September 2018)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Putz, Ádám; Kocsor, Ferenc; Bereczkei, Tamás
• Is Part Of: Personality and individual differences. Volume 131(2018)
• Page Start: 7
• Page End: 14
• Publication Date: 2018-09-01
• Subjects: Beauty stereotypes -- Spontaneous Trait Inferences (STIs) -- Affective conditioning -- Generalization of social information -- Face perception; Personality -- Periodicals; Individuality -- Periodicals; Individuality -- Periodicals; Personality Development -- Periodicals; Personnalité -- Périodiques; Individualité -- Périodiques; 155.205
• DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2018.04.011
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0191-8869

Abstract

Abstract: People make split-second inferences about a third person's trustworthiness. It has also been shown that beauty stereotypes govern our social judgments of, and expectations towards, others. In this study, we aim to investigate the effect of positive and negative behavioral descriptions on perceived trustworthiness of male faces varying in attractiveness. We created four categories of faces: attractive and trustworthy faces paired with either positive or negative descriptions, and unattractive and untrustworthy faces paired with either positive or negative descriptions. Furthermore, we generated a composite face from the individual faces within each category (4 composites in total). We applied two conditions: in the first condition, participants saw the stimuli 5 times during the learning phase; in the second, the stimuli were presented only 3 times. We found that stereotype-inconsistent descriptions had a greater effect on Spontaneous Trait Inferences (STI) than stereotype-consistent ones. Furthermore, negative social information affected the STI process more strongly than positive information did. We also revealed a clear learning effect related to the number of stimulus presentations whereby the importance of the social information in trustworthiness decisions increased as did the number of stimulus presentation. These results demonstrate a stereotype-inconsistent effect and the dynamic process of stereotype formation. Highlights: Positive descriptions increased trustworthiness of unattractive faces more. Negative descriptions decreased trustworthiness of attractive faces more. After a 3 time exposure participants relied more on beauty stereotypes. After a 5 time exposure participants relied more on the valence of social information.