Unusual shape and structure of lymphocyte nuclei is linked to hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes patients. (June 2018)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Martinovic, T.; Ciric, D.; Pantic, I.; Lalic, K.; Rasulic, I.; Despotovic, S.; Lalic, I.; Djuricic, D.; Bumbasirevic, V.; Kravic-Stevovic, T.
• Is Part Of: Tissue & cell. Volume 52(2018)
• Page Start: 92
• Page End: 100
• Publication Date: 2018-06
• Subjects: Fractal analysis -- Nucleus -- Diabetes -- Glucose -- Lymphocyte -- Electron microscopy; Cytology -- Periodicals; 571.5
• DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2018.04.005
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0040-8166

Abstract

Graphical abstract: Highlights: Type 2 diabetes lymphocytes have irregular nuclear contours. Higher amount of euchromatin, nucleoli and perichromatin granules in diabetes. Fractal analysis detects subtle nuclei differences between diabetes patients Groups. High glucose levels correlate with lymphocyte nucelar changes in type 2 diabetes. Abstract: Type 2 diabetes is an endocrine disorder characterized with hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance. Morphological changes in cell nuclei in diabetes were recently detected. The aim of this study was to compare electron microscopic features of lymphocyte nuclei in type 2 diabetes and healthy individuals using conventional computer assisted methods, fractal analysis and gray level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) analysis of nuclear chromatin. Mononuclear cells taken from the peripheral blood of newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes patients, metformin treated type 2 diabetes patients and healthy individuals were analyzed with transmission electron microscope. Irregular nuclear contours and lower amount of heterochromatin in lymphocytes were detected with conventional computer assisted methods in type 2 diabetes. Fractal analysis of chromatin structures and GLCM angular second moment (ASM) analysis detected differences in nuclear structure between metformin treated type 2 diabetes and two other groups. Irregularities in lymphocyte nuclei correlated with blood glucose, but not with cholesterol and triglyceride levels. Decrease in fractal dimension, indicating lower level of complexity, increase in GLCM ASM, indicating higher texture uniformity, and higher amount of euchromatin that we found in metformin treated type 2 diabetes could be indicators of higher transcriptional activity in these cells.