Externally limited defect generation in multiwalled carbon nanotubes upon thermal annealing, and possible mechanism. (26th July 2016)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Bhalerao, G M; Sinha, A K; Srivastava, A K; Sathe, V; Amarendra, G
• Is Part Of: Nanotechnology. Volume 27:Number 35(2016)
• Publication Date: 2016-07-26
• Subjects: carbon nanotubes -- defects -- surface effects -- electron microscopy -- Raman spectroscopy; Nanotechnology -- Periodicals; Nanotechnology -- Periodicals; Nanotechnology; Publications périodiques; Nanotechnologies; Periodicals; 620.5
• DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/27/35/355706
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0957-4484

Abstract

Abstract: Structural defects in multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) are found to increase upon moderate thermal annealing below 1400 K in an argon atmosphere. The defects are estimated using the ID /IG ratio in Raman spectroscopy of MWCNTs and confirmed by a direct observation using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). HRTEM shows that the structural defects are created due to large damage to the outer walls of the nanotubes, while inner walls do not sustain any damage. The generation of defects on MWCNTs is attibuted to mechanical abrasion between the MWCNTs in contact, augmented by the momentum transfer from the flow of hot gas. A possible mechanism is proposed and experimentally validated by means of modulating the chemical environment of annealing from argon to hydrogen.