Prospective association between a dietary quality index based on a nutrient profiling system and cardiovascular disease risk. (October 2016)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Adriouch, Solia; Julia, Chantal; Kesse-Guyot, Emmanuelle; Méjean, Caroline; Ducrot, Pauline; Péneau, Sandrine; Donnenfeld, Mathilde; Deschasaux, Mélanie; Menai, Mehdi; Hercberg, Serge; Touvier, Mathilde; Fezeu, Léopold K
• Is Part Of: European journal of preventive cardiology. Volume 23:Number 15(2016)
• Page Start: 1669
• Page End: 1676
• Publication Date: 2016-10
• Subjects: Cardiovascular risk -- FSA-NPS -- nutrient profiling system -- nutrition policy -- prospective study; Cardiovascular system -- Diseases -- Prevention -- Periodicals; Cardiac patients -- Rehabilitation -- Periodicals; 616.12
• DOI: 10.1177/2047487316640659
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2047-4873

Abstract

Background: Public health strategies are essential to guide consumers' choices and produce a substantial population impact on cardiovascular disease risk prevention through nutrition. Our aim was to investigate the prospective association between the Food Standards Agency nutrient profiling system dietary index (FSA-NPS DI) and cardiovascular disease risk. The FSA-NPS has been proposed to serve as a basis for a five-colour nutrition label suggested in France to be put on the front of pack of food products. Methods and results: A total of 6515 participants to the SU.VI.MAX cohort (1994–2007), who completed at least six 24-hour dietary records during the first two years of the study, were followed for a median of 12.4 years (25th–75th percentiles: 11.0–12.6). Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were used to characterise the associations between FSA-NPS DI (continuous and sex-specific quartiles) and the incidence of cardiovascular diseases. Interactions with individual characteristics were tested; 181 major cardiovascular events were reported (59 myocardial infarctions, 43 strokes, 79 anginas). A higher FSA-NPS DI, characterising poorer food choices, was associated with an overall increase in cardiovascular disease risk (HRfor a 1-point increment = 1.14 (1.03–1.27); HRQ4vs.Q1 = 1.61 (1.05–2.47), P trend Q4-Q1 = 0.03). This association tended to be stronger in smokers (HRfor a 1-point increment = 1.39 (1.11–1.73); P interaction = 0.01) and those less physically active (HRfor a 1-point increment = 1.26 (1.08–1.46); P interaction = 0.04). Conclusions: Our results suggest that poorer food choices, as reflected by a higher FSA-NPS DI, may be associated with a significant increase in cardiovascular risk, especially in at-risk individuals (smokers and physically inactive persons). This score could be a useful tool for public health prevention strategies. Clinical trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00272428.