Long-term effects of elemental composition of particulate matter on inflammatory blood markers in European cohorts. (September 2015)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Hampel, Regina; Peters, Annette; Beelen, Rob; Brunekreef, Bert; Cyrys, Josef; de Faire, Ulf; de Hoogh, Kees; Fuks, Kateryna; Hoffmann, Barbara; Hüls, Anke; Imboden, Medea; Jedynska, Aleksandra; Kooter, Ingeborg; Koenig, Wolfgang; Künzli, Nino; Leander, Karin; Magnusson, Patrik; Männistö, Satu; Penell, Johanna; Pershagen, Göran; Phuleria, Harish; Probst-Hensch, Nicole; Pundt, Noreen; Schaffner, Emmanuel; Schikowski, Tamara; Sugiri, Dorothea; Tiittanen, Pekka; Tsai, Ming-Yi; Wang, Meng; Wolf, Kathrin; Lanki, Timo;
• Is Part Of: Environment international. Volume 82(2015:Sep.)
• Page Start: 76
• Page End: 84
• Publication Date: 2015-09
• Subjects: BMI body mass index -- CRP C-reactive protein -- Cu copper -- ESCAPE European Study of Cohorts for Air Pollution Effects project -- Fe iron -- HNR Heinz Nixdorf Recall Study -- hs high-sensitivity -- IHD ischemic heart disease -- K potassium -- KORA Cooperative Health Research in the Region of Augsburg -- LUR Land use regression -- Ni nickel -- PM particulate matter -- S sulfur -- SAPALDIA Swiss Cohort Study on Air Pollution and Lung and Heart Diseases in Adults -- Si silicon -- SIXTY 60-year old cohort study -- TRANSPHORM transport related air pollution and health impacts — integrated methodologies for assessing particulate matter -- V vanadium -- XRF x-ray fluorescence -- Zn zinc; Long-term exposure -- Particulate matter -- Elemental components -- Inflammation -- ESCAPE -- TRANSPHORM; Environmental protection -- Periodicals; Environmental health -- Periodicals; Environmental monitoring -- Periodicals; Environmental Monitoring -- Periodicals; Environnement -- Protection -- Périodiques; Hygiène du milieu -- Périodiques; Environnement -- Surveillance -- Périodiques; Environmental health; Environmental monitoring; Environmental protection; Periodicals; 333.705
• DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2015.05.008
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0160-4120

Abstract

Abstract: Background: Epidemiological studies have associated long-term exposure to ambient particulate matter with increased mortality from cardiovascular and respiratory disorders. Systemic inflammation is a plausible biological mechanism behind this association. However, it is unclear how the chemical composition of PM affects inflammatory responses. Objectives: To investigate the association between long-term exposure to elemental components of PM and the inflammatory blood markers high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and fibrinogen as part of the European ESCAPE and TRANSPHORM multi-center projects. Methods: In total, 21, 558 hsCRP measurements and 17, 428 fibrinogen measurements from cross-sections of five and four cohort studies were available, respectively. Residential long-term concentrations of particulate matter < 10 μm (PM10 ) and < 2.5 μm (PM2.5 ) in diameter and selected elemental components (copper, iron, potassium, nickel, sulfur, silicon, vanadium, zinc) were estimated based on land-use regression models. Associations between components and inflammatory markers were estimated using linear regression models for each cohort separately. Cohort-specific results were combined using random effects meta-analysis. As a sensitivity analysis the models were additionally adjusted for PM mass. Results: A 5 ng/m 3 increase in PM2.5 copper and a 500 ng/m 3 increase in PM10 iron were associated with a 6.3% [0.7; 12.3%] and 3.6% [0.3; 7.1%] increase in hsCRP, respectively. These associations between components and fibrinogen were slightly weaker. A 10 ng/m 3 increase in PM2.5 zinc was associated with a 1.2% [0.1; 2.4%] increase in fibrinogen; confidence intervals widened when additionally adjusting for PM2.5 . Conclusions: Long-term exposure to transition metals within ambient particulate matter, originating from traffic and industry, may be related to chronic systemic inflammation providing a link to long-term health effects of particulate matter.