Evolution, safety and efficacy of targeted temperature management after pediatric cardiac arrest. (July 2015)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Scholefield, Barnaby R.; Morris, Kevin P.; Duncan, Heather P.; Perkins, Gavin D.; Gosney, Jessica; Skone, Richard; Sanders, Victoria; Gao, Fang
• Is Part Of: Resuscitation. Volume 92(2015)
• Page Start: 19
• Page End: 25
• Publication Date: 2015-07
• Subjects: OHCA out-of-hospital cardiac arrest -- PICU Paediatric Intensive Care Unit -- ROSC return of spontaneous circulation -- TTM targeted temperature management -- STM standard temperature management; Pediatric critical care -- Therapeutic hypothermia -- Targeted temperature management -- Observational study -- Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest; Resuscitation -- Periodicals; Resuscitation -- Periodicals; Réanimation -- Périodiques; Electronic journals; 616.025
• DOI: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2015.04.007
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0300-9572

Abstract

Abstract: Background: It is unknown whether targeted temperature management (TTM) improves survival after pediatric out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). The aim of this study was to assess the evolution, safety and efficacy of TTM (32–34 °C) compared to standard temperature management (STM) (<38 °C). Methods: Retrospective, single center cohort study. Patients aged >one day up to 16 years, admitted to a UK Paediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) after OHCA (January 2004–December 2010). Primary outcome was survival to hospital discharge; efficacy and safety outcomes included: application of TTM, physiological, hematological and biochemical side effects. Results: Seventy-three patients were included. Thirty-eight patients (52%) received TTM (32–34 °C). Prior to ILCOR guidance adoption in January 2007, TTM was used infrequently (4/25; 16%). Following adoption, TTM (32–34 °C) use increased significantly (34/48; 71% Chi 2 ; p < 0.0001). TTM (32–34 °C) and STM (<38 °C) groups were similar at baseline. TTM (32–34 °C) was associated with bradycardia and hypotension compared to STM (<38 °C). TTM (32–34 °C) reduced episodes of hyperthermia (>38 °C) in the 1st 24 h; however, excessive hypothermia (<32 °C) and hyperthermia (>38 °C) occurred in both groups up to 72 h, and all patients ( n = 11) experiencing temperature <32 °C died. The study was underpowered to determine a difference in hospital survival (34% (TTM (32–34 °C)) versus 23% (STM (<38 °C)); p = 0.284). However, the TTM (32–34 °C) group had a significantly longer PICU length of stay. Conclusions: TTM (32–34 °C) was feasible but associated with bradycardia, hypotension, and increased length of stay in PICU. Temperature <32 °C had a universally grave prognosis. Larger studies are required to assess effect on survival.