Effect of gamma irradiation on the anti-oxidant and anti-melanogenic activity of black ginseng extract in B16F10 melanoma cells. (August 2018)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Song, Ha-Yeon; Kim, Hye-Min; Kim, Woo Sik; Byun, Eui-Hong; Jang, Beom-Su; Choi, Dae Seong; Byun, Eui-Baek
• Is Part Of: Radiation physics and chemistry. Volume 149(2018:Aug.)
• Page Start: 33
• Page End: 40
• Publication Date: 2018-08
• Subjects: DPPH 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl -- ABTS 2, 2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid -- FRAP ferric reducing antioxidant power -- AEAC ascorbic acid equivalent antioxidant capacity -- TRP-1 tyrosinase related protein-1 -- TRP-2 tyrosinase related protein-2 -- IBMX 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine -- MITF microphthalamia-associated transcription factor -- cAMP cyclic adenosine monophosphate -- CREB cAMP response element binding protein -- ERK extracellular regulated kinase -- P38 MAPK p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases; Radiation chemistry -- Periodicals; Radiometry -- Periodicals; Radiation -- Periodicals; Chimie sous rayonnement -- Périodiques; 539.2
• DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2018.03.008
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0969-806X

Abstract

Abstract: Black ginseng extract (BGE) was irradiated at various doses (10, 30, 50, 70, and 100 kGy) to improve its biological activity. The content of reducing sugar was significantly increased by gamma irradiation up to 100 kGy. The gamma-irradiated BGE showed its highest anti-oxidant activity (DPPH radical scavenging activity-IC50 = 4.33 µg, ABTS radical scavenging activity-IC50 = 2.39 µg, FRAP AEAC = 6.46), and mushroom tyrosinase inhibition activity (IC50 = 12.46 mg) when irradiated at the dose of 100 kGy. The gamma-irradiated BGE showed a greater inhibitory effect on IBMX-induced melanin synthesis (121.43%), intracellular tyrosinase activity (91.80%), melanogenic enzyme expression (tyrosinase, TRP-1, and TRP-2), as well as H2 O2 -induced reactive oxygen species production, than was observed with the non-irradiated BGE-treated group (melanin synthesis-146.21% and intracellular tyrosinase activity-117.11%) in B16F10 melanoma cells without cytotoxicity. In addition, we also found that the anti-melanogenic effect of gamma-irradiated BGE is mediated by the cyclic AMP (cAMP) signaling pathway (MITF and CREB), ERK, and p38 MAPK signaling pathway. Our findings suggest that gamma-irradiated BGE could be a potential anti-melanogenic agent for use in skin-whitening cosmetics. Consequently, gamma irradiation could become an effective tool for developing functional foods and cosmetics. Highlights: Gamma irradiation induced the increase of reducing sugar contents. Anti-oxidant and anti-melanogenic properties of black ginseng were increased by gamma irradiation. Gamma-irradiated black ginseng extraction has anti-melanogenic activity through attenuation of cAMP/MITF signaling pathway. Anti-melanogenic mechanism of gamma-irradiated black ginseng involved the activation of ERK and p38.