Challenges and future direction of molecular research in air pollution-related lung cancers. (April 2018)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Shahadin, Maizatul Syafinaz; Ab. Mutalib, Nurul Syakima; Latif, Mohd Talib; Greene, Catherine M.; Hassan, Tidi
• Is Part Of: Lung cancer. Volume 118(2018)
• Page Start: 69
• Page End: 75
• Publication Date: 2018-04
• Subjects: A adenine -- A549 adenocarcinomic human alveolar basal epithelial cells -- AKR1C3 Aldo_Keto Reductase -- BaP Benzo(a)pyrene -- C cytosine -- CI Confidence interval -- CO carbon monoxide -- CXCL 13 motif chemokine ligand 13 -- CYP1B1 cytochrome P450 1B1 -- DKK2 Dickoppf WNT signalling pathway inhibitor -- DNA deoxyribonucleic acid -- EMT epithelial mesenchymal transition -- EN1 Engrailed Homeobox 1 -- EREG epireguline -- G guanine -- GSTM1 Glutathione-Transferase Mu 1 -- GSTP1 Glutathione-Transferase Pi 1 -- GSTT1 Glutathione-Transferase Theta 1 -- GWAS Genome-wide association study -- HPR highly polluted region -- IARC International Agency for Research on Cancer -- IL1-ß interleukin-1ß gene -- LPAR2 Lysophosphatidic Acid -- miRNA microRNA -- MMP1 matrix metalloprotease 1 -- NO2 nitrogen dioxides -- NOx nitrogen oxides -- O3 ozone -- OGG1 Oxoguanine DNA glycosylase -- OR Odd ratio -- NSCLCs non-small cell lung cancer -- PAH polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon -- PCR polymerase chain reaction -- PM particulate matter -- SNP Single nucleotide polymorphisms -- SO2 sulphur dioxide -- T thymine -- TSP total suspended particulate -- UTR untranslated region -- WHO World Health Organization -- Zeb1 zinc finger E-Box binding homeobox 1; Air pollution -- Lung cancer -- Challenge -- Molecular mechanism -- Biomarkers; Lungs -- Cancer -- Periodicals; Lung Neoplasms -- Abstracts; Lung Neoplasms -- Periodicals; Poumons -- Cancer -- Périodiques; Lungs -- Cancer; Periodicals; Electronic journals; Electronic journals; 616.99424
• DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2018.01.016
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0169-5002

Abstract

Highlights: Air pollution was classified as Group 1 carcinogen in human by IARC, however the molecular mechanism of carcinogenesis was limited. Epidemiological studies showed positive association between different composition of air pollution and lung cancer including non-smoker. Molecular studies on air-pollution related lung cancer are limited due to several complex challenges in research field. Abstract: Hazardous air pollutants or chemical release into the environment by a variety of natural and/or anthropogenic activities may give adverse effects to human health. Air pollutants such as sulphur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen oxides (NOx), carbon monoxide (CO), heavy metals and particulate matter (PM) affect number of different human organs, especially the respiratory system. The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) reported that ambient air pollution is a cause of lung cancer. Recently, the agency has classified outdoor air pollution as well as PM air pollution as Group 1 carcinogens. In addition, several epidemiological studies have shown a positive association between air pollutants to lung cancer risks and mortality. However, there are only a few studies examining the molecular effects of air pollution exposure specifically in lung cancer due to multiple challenges to mimic air pollution exposure in basic experimentation. Another major issue is the lack of adequate adjustments for exposure misclassification as air pollution may differ temporo-spatially and socioeconomically. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to review the current molecular understanding of air pollution-related lung cancer and potential future direction in this challenging yet important research field.