Redirecting adult mesenchymal stromal cells to the brain: a new approach for treating CNS autoimmunity and neuroinflammation?. Issue 4 (2nd March 2018)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Wilson, Jasmine J; Foyle, Kerrie L; Foeng, Jade; Norton, Todd; McKenzie, Duncan R; Payne, Natalie; Bernard, Claude C; McColl, Shaun R; Comerford, Iain
• Is Part Of: Immunology and cell biology. Volume 96:Issue 4(2018)
• Page Start: 347
• Page End: 357
• Publication Date: 2018-03-02
• Subjects: Cell migration -- central nervous system -- chemokine receptor -- mesenchymal stem cell -- mesenchymal stromal cell -- neuroinflammation; Immunology -- Periodicals; Cytology -- Periodicals; 616.079
• DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12014
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0818-9641

Abstract

Abstract: Mesenchymal stromal cells or stem cells (MSCs) have been shown to participate in tissue repair and are immunomodulatory in neuropathological settings. Given this, their potential use in developing a new generation of personalized therapies for autoimmune and inflammatory diseases of the central nervous system (CNS) will be explored. To effectively exert these effector functions, MSCs must first gain entry into damaged neural tissues, a process that has been demonstrated to be a limiting factor in their therapeutic efficacy. In this review, we discuss approaches to maximize the therapeutic efficacy of MSCs by altering their intrinsic trafficking programs to effectively enter neuropathological sites. To this end, we explore the significant role of chemokine receptors and adhesion molecules in directing cellular traffic to the inflamed CNS and the capacity of MSCs to adopt these molecular mechanisms to gain entry to this site. We postulate that understanding and exploiting these migratory mechanisms may be key to the development of cell‐based therapies tailored to respond to the migratory cues unique to the nature and stage of progression of individual CNS disorders. Abstract : Adult stem cells have potential use in the development of new personalized therapies for autoimmune and inflammatory diseases affecting the central nervous system. However, to most effectively exert therapeutic functions, mesenchymal stromal cells must first gain entry into damaged neural tissues. By adopting leukocyte trafficking programs, we discuss approaches to maximize the therapeutic efficacy of these cells by altering their intrinsic trafficking programs to effectively enter neuropathological sites.