Characteristics of pollutant gas releases from swine, dairy, beef, and layer manure, and municipal wastewater. (1st June 2015)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Dai, Xiao-Rong; Saha, Chayan Kumer; Ni, Ji-Qin; Heber, Albert J.; Blanes-Vidal, Victoria; Dunn, James L.
• Is Part Of: Water research. Volume 76(2015)
• Page Start: 110
• Page End: 119
• Publication Date: 2015-06-01
• Subjects: Agriculture wastewater -- Air pollution -- Animal agriculture -- Wastewater storage -- Water pollution; Water -- Pollution -- Research -- Periodicals; 363.7394
• DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2015.02.050
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0043-1354

Abstract

Abstract: Knowledge about characteristics of gas releases from various types of organic wastes can assist in developing gas pollution reduction technologies and establishing environmental regulations. Five different organic wastes, i.e., four types of animal manure (swine, beef, dairy, and layer hen) and municipal wastewater, were studied for their characteristics of ammonia (NH3 ), carbon dioxide (CO2 ), hydrogen sulfide (H2 S), and sulfur dioxide (SO2 ) releases for 38 or 43 days in reactors under laboratory conditions. Weekly waste additions and continuous reactor headspace ventilation were supplied to simulate waste storage conditions. Results demonstrated that among the five waste types, layer hen manure and municipal wastewater had the highest and lowest NH3 release potentials, respectively. Layer manure had the highest and dairy manure had the lowest CO2 release potentials. Dairy manure and layer manure had the highest and lowest H2 S release potentials, respectively. Beef manure and layer manure had the highest and lowest SO2 releases, respectively. The physicochemical characteristics of the different types of wastes, especially the total nitrogen, total ammoniacal nitrogen, dry matter, and pH, had strong influence on the releases of the four gases. Even for the same type of waste, the variation in physicochemical characteristics affected the gas releases remarkably. Highlights: Releases of four gases from five types of wastewater were investigated. Physicochemical characteristics of wastes had great influence on gas releases. Layer hen and swine manure released the highest ammonia and carbon dioxide. Dairy and beef manure released more hydrogen sulfide and sulfur dioxide. Gas releases from municipal wastewater were generally less than manure.