Mechanisms and pathophysiological significance of eryptosis, the suicidal erythrocyte death. (March 2015)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Lang, Elisabeth; Lang, Florian
• Is Part Of: Seminars in cell & developmental biology. Volume 39(2015)
• Page Start: 35
• Page End: 42
• Publication Date: 2015-03
• Subjects: AE1 Band 3 or anion exchanger -- AMPK AMP-activated kinase (AMPK) -- [Ca2+]i cytosolic Ca2+ concentration -- CD36 cluster of differentiation 36 -- cGK cGMP-dependent protein kinase -- CK1α casein kinase 1α -- CXCL16/SR-PSOX CXC-Motiv-Chemokin 16/Scavenger receptor for phosphatidylserine and oxidized low density lipoprotein (SR-PSOX)) -- GSH reduced glutathion -- G6PDH glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase -- Hb hemoglobin -- HUS hemolytic uremic syndrome -- JAK3 Janus-activated kinase JAK3 -- L-NAME L-NG-nitroarginine methyl ester -- NADPH nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate -- NO nitric oxide -- PAK2 p21-activated kinase PAK2 -- PGE2 prostaglandin E2 -- ROS reactive oxygen species -- SOD Cu, Zn-superoxide dismutase -- TRPC6 transient receptor potential channel 6 -- TSP thrombospondin-1 -- VLA-4 very late-activating antigen-4; Eryptosis -- Diabetes -- Chronic kidney disease -- Sickle cell disease -- Malaria; Cytology -- Periodicals; Developmental biology -- Periodicals; 571.6
• DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2015.01.009
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1084-9521

Abstract

Highlights: Upon injury, circulating erythrocytes may enter suicidal cell death or eryptosis. Most important triggers of eryptosis include enhanced cytosolic Ca 2+ activity and ceramide. Regulation of eryptosis involves AMPK, GK, PAK2, CK1α, JAK3, PKC, p38-MAPK. Diseases with enhanced eryptosis include genetic disorders, sepsis, malaria, renal failure and hyperbilirubinemia. Excessive eryptosis may lead to anemia and impaired microcirculation. Abstract: Eryptosis, the suicidal erythrocyte death characterized by cell shrinkage and cell membrane scrambling, is stimulated by Ca 2+ entry through Ca 2+ -permeable, PGE2 -activated cation channels, by ceramide, caspases, calpain, complement, hyperosmotic shock, energy depletion, oxidative stress, and deranged activity of several kinases (e.g. AMPK, GK, PAK2, CK1α, JAK3, PKC, p38-MAPK). Eryptosis is triggered by intoxication, malignancy, hepatic failure, diabetes, chronic renal insufficiency, hemolytic uremic syndrome, dehydration, phosphate depletion, fever, sepsis, mycoplasma infection, malaria, iron deficiency, sickle cell anemia, thalassemia, glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency, and Wilson's disease. Eryptosis may precede and protect against hemolysis but by the same token result in anemia and deranged microcirculation.