Simultaneous profiles of sulfonated androgens, sulfonated estrogens and sulfonated progestogens in postpubertal boars (sus scrofa domestica) measured by LC–MS/MS. Issue 179 (May 2018)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Schuler, G.; Sánchez-Guijo, A.; Hartmann, M.F.; Wudy, S.A.
• Is Part Of: Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology. Issue 179(2017)
• Page Start: 55
• Page End: 63
• Publication Date: 2018-05
• Subjects: ACN acetonitrile -- A-S androsterone sulfate -- Adiol-S 5-androstene-3β, 17β-diol-3-sulfate -- C-S cholesterol sulfate -- DHEA-S dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate -- DHT 5α-dihydrotestosterone -- DHT-S 5α-dihydrotestosterone sulfate -- EA-S epiandrosterone sulfate -- ET-S epitestosterone sulfate -- E1-S estrone sulfate -- E2-S 17β-estradiol-3-sulfate -- GC–MS gas chromatography-mass spectrometry -- LC–MS/MS liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry -- LOD limit of detection -- LOQ limit of quantification -- MeOH methanol -- OHDHEA-S 16α-hydroxydehydroepiandrosterone-3-sulfate -- OHP5-S 17α-hydroxypregnenolone sulfate -- P5-S pregnenolone sulfate -- SB boar stimulated with hCG -- T testosterone -- T-S testosterone sulfate -- UB unstimulated boar -- V/A concentration ratio venous/arterial; Boar -- Testis -- Sulfonated steroids -- 5α-reduced androgens -- Epitestosterone sulfate -- Cholesterol sulfate; Steroid hormones -- Periodicals; Biochemistry -- Periodicals; Hormones -- Periodicals; Molecular Biology -- Periodicals; Hormones stéroïdes -- Périodiques; Steroid hormones; Periodicals; 572.579
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2017.10.006
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0960-0760

Abstract

Highlights: Simultaneous measurement of 13 sulfonated steroids in boars applying LC–MS/MS. Quantifiable analytes were Adiol-S, A-S, DHEA-S, EA-S, ET-S, E1-S, E2-S, P5-S, OHP5-S. Profiles of quantifiable sulfonated steroids are consistent with a wave-like pattern similar to T. None of the analytes assessed was detected in adult non-pregnant females. Boars exhibit high concentrations of ET-S. Abstract: Sulfonated steroids (s-St) have been usually regarded as inactive metabolites but are progressively considered as precursors for the intra-tissue formation of bioactive steroids. Moreover, independent effects without preceding removal of the sulfate group have been observed. We use the porcine testicular-epididymal compartment as a model to investigate the still largely unknown s-St physiology as the boar exhibits an intriguingly broad s-St spectrum predominantly originating from the testis. The application of LC–MS/MS in steroidomics enables the determination of unconjugated and intact sulfonated steroids with currently highest specificity and good sensitivity, allowing the concurrent measuring of numerous analytes in larger quantities of samples. Profiles (6 h, 20 min intervals) were generated for sulfonated 5-androstene-3ß, 17ß-diol (Adiol-S), androsterone (A-S), dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA-S), epiandrosterone (EA-S), epitestosterone (ET-S), estrone (E1-S), estradiol-17β (E2-S), pregnenolone (P5-S), 17αOH-pregnenolone (OHP5-S) and unconjugated testosterone (T) in four unstimulated and four hCG-stimulated boars. Moreover, concentrations were measured in individual samples collected from testicular afferent and efferent blood to differentiate between testicular vs. extratesticular origin. Highest concentrations were found for EA-S, followed by ET-S, Adiol-S and DHEA-S, which mostly exceeded the levels of E1-S and A-S. Lowest concentrations were obtained for E2-S, P5-S and OHP5-S. The analytical profile also included sulfonated T, 5α-dihydrotestosterone and cholesterol. However, their concentrations were below the limit of quantification. Profiles of quantifiable s-St were consistent with a wave-like pattern associated with T pulses. In postpartal females (n = 5) concentrations of all analytes assessed were undetectable, suggesting that in pigs the adrenals are not a quantitatively significant source of s-St.