Should platelet-rich plasma be activated in fat grafts? An animal study. Issue 5 (May 2018)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Hersant, Barbara; Bouhassira, Jonathan; SidAhmed-Mezi, Mounia; Vidal, Luciano; Keophiphath, Mayoura; Chheangsun, Barbara; Niddam, Jeremy; Bosc, Romain; Nezet, Aurelie Le; Meningaud, Jean-Paul; Rodriguez, Anne Marie
• Is Part Of: Journal of plastic, reconstructive & aesthetic surgery. Volume 71:Issue 5(2018)
• Page Start: 681
• Page End: 690
• Publication Date: 2018-05
• Subjects: Platelet-rich plasma -- Fat graft -- PRP activation -- Survival fat graft -- Adipocyte survival; Surgery, Plastic -- Great Britain -- Periodicals; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures -- Periodicals; Surgery, Plastic -- Great Britain -- Periodicals; 617.9505
• DOI: 10.1016/j.bjps.2018.01.005
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1748-6815

Abstract

Summary: Background: The adjunction of platelet-rich plasma with graft fat has been the subject of a few clinical trials which have demonstrated its value in adipocyte survival. The aim of this study was to assess the different efficacies between activated and non-activated PRP on adipose cells in vitro and for adipose tissue graft survival in vivo . Methods: The in vitro study assessed the effects of PRP on both the proliferation and adipocyte differentiation of adipose cells. For the in vivo study, 8 nude rats received 3 human fat injections as follows: 0.8 mL of fat + 0.2 mL of normal saline; 0.8 mL of fat + 0.2 mL of non-activated PRP; and 0.8 mL of fat + 0.2 mL of PRP activated with calcium chloride (CaCl2 ). The quantitative assessment of adipocyte survival was implemented after 3 months using histomorphometric analysis. Histological and immunohistochemical analysis were also performed to evaluate angiogenesis, inflammation and quality of adipocytes in the grafted tissue. Results: We showed that activated PRP stimulated, in vitro, proliferation and differentiation of adipose cells. In vivo experiments indicated that CaCl2 -activated PRP was more efficient than non-activated to prolong the survival of fat grafts in nude rats. The mean percentage areas occupied by viable adipocytes in the PRP-free group, non-activated PRP group and activated PRP group were 13%, 14% and 24% (p = 0.05%), respectively. Histological and immunohistochemical analysis revealed protective effect of activated PRP on inflammation and adipocyte death. Conclusion: This study showed that activation by CaCl2 improves the beneficial effects of PRP for fat graft maintenance.