Discrimination of different geographic varieties of Gymnema sylvestre, an anti-sweet plant used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. (June 2018)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Pham, Ha Thanh Tung; Hoang, Minh Chau; Ha, Thi Kim Quy; Dang, Lan Huong; Tran, Van On; Nguyen, Thi Bich Thu; Lee, Chul Ho; Oh, Won Keun
• Is Part Of: Phytochemistry. Volume 150(2018)
• Page Start: 12
• Page End: 22
• Publication Date: 2018-06
• Subjects: Gymnema sylvestre -- Asclepiadaceae -- Geo-diversity -- Morphology -- Anatomy -- ITS sequences -- Gymnemoside -- 3β-glucuronide oleane-triterpene -- Glucose uptake; Botanical chemistry -- Periodicals; Biochemistry -- Periodicals; Botany -- Periodicals; Chimie végétale -- Périodiques; 572.2
• DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2018.02.013
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0031-9422

Abstract

Abstract: Gymnema sylvestre (Retz.) R.Br. ex Sm. (Asclepiadaceae) is a well-known Ayurvedic anti-sweet plant for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Although it was previously proposed that G. sylvestre exhibits chemical variation based on geography, most research on G. sylvestre has used material originating from India. Morphological and anatomical descriptions, ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 DNA sequencing, and acid hydrolysis analyses showed that G. sylvestre samples from Vietnam are distinguishable from those of Indian origin and thus suggest a dissimilarity among G. sylvestre samples with different geographic distributions. An LC-MS-guided strategy targeting 3 β -glucuronide oleane-triterpenes in the Vietnamese G. sylvestre variety led to the isolation of four known compounds and nine previously undescribed compounds, named gymnemosides ND1-ND9. None of the isolated compounds were reported in the Indian sample, further supporting the geo-diversity of G. sylvestre . Three compounds, gymnemosides ND7-9, exerted significant stimulatory effects on the uptake of 2-NBDG in 3T3-L1 adipocyte cells and thus have potential as lead molecules for anti-diabetes agents. Graphical abstract: Highlights: Different approaches highlighted the difference between two varieties of Gymnema sylvestre. Nine previously undescribed and four known compounds were isolated from Vietnamese variety. Three compounds showed significant stimulatory effects on 2-NBDG uptake in 3T3-L1 adipocyte cells.