MicroRNAs in type 2 immunity. (1st July 2018)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Johansson, Kristina; Weidner, Julie; Rådinger, Madeleine
• Is Part Of: Cancer letters. Volume 425(2018)
• Page Start: 116
• Page End: 124
• Publication Date: 2018-07-01
• Subjects: MicroRNA -- IL-13 -- IL-4 -- IL-5 -- TH2 -- ILC2 -- Allergy -- Parasite -- Cancer; Cancer -- Periodicals; Neoplasms -- Periodicals; Cancer -- Périodiques; Electronic journals; 616.994
• DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2018.03.036
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0304-3835

Abstract

Abstract: Type 2 immunity drives the pathology of allergic diseases and is necessary for expulsion of parasitic worms as well as having important implications in tumor progression. Over the last decade, a new research field has emerged describing a significant link between type 2 immunity and cancer development, called AllergoOncology. Thus, type 2 immune responses must be carefully regulated to mediate effective protection against damaging environmental factors, yet avoid excessive activation and immunopathology. Regulation of gene expression by microRNAs is required for normal behavior of most mammalian cells and has been studied extensively in the context of cancer. Although microRNA regulation of the immune system in cancer is well established and includes type 2 immune reactions in the tumor microenvironment, the involvement of microRNAs in these responses initiated by allergens, parasites or other environmental factors is just emerging. In this review, we focus on recent advances which increase the understanding of microRNA-mediated regulation of key mechanisms of type 2 immunity. Highlights: Type 2 immunity in both cancer and asthma are highly regulated by microRNAs. ILC2s are important cells in type 2 inflammation with a yet undefined role in cancer. miRNA as biomarkers, therapeutics and diagnostics are currently under development.