Cinnamon, a promising prospect towards Alzheimer's disease. (April 2018)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Momtaz, Saeideh; Hassani, Shokoufeh; Khan, Fazlullah; Ziaee, Mojtaba; Abdollahi, Mohammad
• Is Part Of: Pharmacological research. Volume 130(2018)
• Page Start: 241
• Page End: 258
• Publication Date: 2018-04
• Subjects: AD Alzheimer's disease -- PPs polyphenols -- EGCG epigallocatechin gallate -- NFTs neurofibrillary tangles -- ACh acetylcholine -- Aβ amyloid-beta -- APP amyloid precursor protein -- PS-1 presenilin-1 -- PS-2 presenilin-2 -- AChE acetylcholine esterase -- Cdk5 cyclin-dependent kinase 5 -- GSK3 glycogen synthase kinase 3 -- NaB sodium benzoate -- BBB blood brain barrier -- HEK293 human embryonic kidney -- PNC (2R, 3S)-pinobanksin-3-cinnamate -- MDA malondialdehyde -- SOD superoxide dismutase -- ROS reactive oxygen species -- sAPPβ secreted amyloid precursor protein β -- CHO Chinese hamster ovary -- PD Parkinson disease -- NFs neurotrophic factors -- GABRA5 gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor alpha5 subunit -- CREB cAMP response element binding protein -- FRAP ferric reducing antioxidant power -- P-SH plasma thiol -- CAT catalase -- LPO lipid peroxidation -- MAPK mitogen-activated protein kinase -- ARE antioxidant responsive element -- NF-ĸB nuclear factor-kappaB -- ERK extracellular signal-regulated kinase -- MEK feedback-regulate cellular -- NIK, NF-ĸB inducing kinase -- JNK c-Jun N-terminal kinase -- SIRT sirtuin -- IFN interferons -- IL interleukins -- COX-2 cyclooxygenase-2 -- iNOS inducible nitric oxide synthase -- NO nitric oxide -- LPS lipopolysaccharide -- TLR4 ligand-induced toll-like receptor 4 -- TDI tolerable daily intake -- LD50 50% lethal dose -- PKA protein kinase A -- PHFs paired helical filaments -- cAMP cyclic AMP -- GST glutathione S-transferase -- NQO1 NAD(P)H-quinone oxidoreductase -- TNF tumor necrosis factor -- BDNF brain derived neurotrophic factor -- NT-3 neurotrophin-3 -- CNS central nervous system -- CSF cerebrospinal fluid -- RAGE receptors for advanced glycation end-products -- LRP-1 lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 -- P-gp P-glycoprotein -- cGMP cyclic guanosine monophosphate -- DM diabetes mellitus -- VCAM-1 vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 -- VEGFR vascular endothelial growth factor receptor -- sICAM-1 soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 -- Nrf2 nuclear factor (Erythroid-Derived 2)-like 2 -- HDAC histone deacetylase -- USFDA United States Food and Drug Administration -- GRAS generally recognized as safe -- DPPH 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl -- TA thioacetamide -- HDPC human dental pulp cells; Cinnamon -- Alzheimer disease -- Neurocognitive performance -- Cellular pathway; Pharmacology -- Periodicals; Pharmacology -- Periodicals; Research -- Periodicals; Médicaments -- Recherche -- Périodiques; Pharmacologie -- Périodiques; 615.105
• DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2017.12.011
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1043-6618

Abstract

Graphical abstract: Abstract: Over the last decades, an exponential increase of efforts concerning the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been practiced. Phytochemicals preparations have a millenary background to combat various pathological conditions. Various cinnamon species and their biologically active ingredients have renewed the interest towards the treatment of patients with mild-to-moderate AD through the inhibition of tau protein aggregation and prevention of the formation and accumulation of amyloid-β peptides into the neurotoxic oligomeric inclusions, both of which are considered to be the AD trademarks. In this review, we presented comprehensive data on the interactions of a number of cinnamon polyphenols (PPs) with oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory signaling pathways in the brain. In addition, we discussed the potential association between AD and diabetes mellitus (DM), vis-à-vis the effluence of cinnamon PPs. Further, an upcoming prospect of AD epigenetic pathophysiological conditions and cinnamon has been sighted. Data was retrieved from the scientific databases such as PubMed database of the National Library of Medicine, Scopus and Google Scholar without any time limitation. The extract of cinnamon efficiently inhibits tau accumulations, Aβ aggregation and toxicity in vivo and in vitro models. Indeed, cinnamon possesses neuroprotective effects interfering multiple oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory pathways. Besides, cinnamon modulates endothelial functions and attenuates the vascular cell adhesion molecules. Cinnamon PPs may induce AD epigenetic modifications. Cinnamon and in particular, cinnamaldehyde seem to be effective and safe approaches for treatment and prevention of AD onset and/or progression. However, further molecular and translational research studies as well as prolonged clinical trials are required to establish the therapeutic safety and efficacy in different cinnamon spp.