The effects of palm tocotrienol on metabolic syndrome and bone loss in male rats induced by high-carbohydrate high-fat diet. (May 2018)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Wong, Sok Kuan; Chin, Kok-Yong; Suhaimi, Farihah Hj; Ahmad, Fairus; Ima-Nirwana, Soelaiman
• Is Part Of: Journal of functional foods. Volume 44(2018)
• Page Start: 246
• Page End: 254
• Publication Date: 2018-05
• Subjects: Cholesterol -- Obesity -- Glucose -- Triglycerides -- Osteoporosis -- Vitamin E; AGEs advanced glycation end-products -- ANOVA analysis of variance -- AUC area under the curve BMD, bone mineral density -- BMI body mass index -- BV/TV trabecular bone volume -- Conn.D connectivity density -- CRP C-reactive protein -- Ct.Ar cortical bone area -- Ct.Ar/Tt.Ar cortical area fraction -- Ct.Th cortical thickness -- DEXA dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry -- DNA deoxyribonucleic acid -- FBG fasting blood glucose -- HCHF high-carbohydrate high-fat -- HDL high-density lipoprotein -- HMG-CoA 5-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A -- IL-1α interleukin-1α -- IL-1β interleukin-1β -- IL-6 interleukin-6 -- LDL low-density lipoprotein -- MCP-1 monocytes chemoattractant protein-1 -- MetS metabolic syndrome -- NEFA non-esterified fatty acid -- OGTT oral glucose tolerance test -- OPG osteoprotegerin -- RANK receptor activator of NF-κB -- RANKL receptor activator of NF-κB ligand -- SMI structural model index -- SEM standard error of the mean -- SPSS Statistical Package for Social Sciences -- STZ streptozotocin -- Tb.N trabecular number -- Tb.Sp trabecular separation -- Tb.Th trabecular thickness -- TNF-α tumour necrosis factors-α -- Tt.Ar total cross-sectional area inside the periosteal envelope -- TRF tocotrienol-rich fraction -- VOI volume of interest -- 3D three dimensional -- µCT micro-computed tomography; Functional foods -- Analysis -- Periodicals; Food -- Biotechnology -- Periodicals; Nutrition -- Periodicals; 613.2
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2018.03.022
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1756-4646

Abstract

Graphical abstract: Highlights: Inflammation plays an important role linking metabolic syndrome and bone loss. High-carbohydrate high-fat diet induces metabolic syndrome and bone loss. Tocotrienol as single agent prevents both metabolic syndrome and bone loss. The plausible mechanism relies on the alleviation of inflammatory response. Abstract: Inflammation is a possible mediator of the relationship between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and osteoporosis. Palm tocotrienol, an anti-inflammatory agent, has been reported to exert beneficial effects for the treatment of MetS and osteoporosis individually. This study aimed to investigate the potential role of palm tocotrienol in preventing both MetS and bone loss in male rats via alleviating the inflammatory response. In this study, MetS was established in the rats fed with HCHF diet. This was accompanied by bone loss and elevated pro-inflammatory cytokine levels. Supplementation of palm tocotrienol improved MetS parameters, trabecular bone microstructure, bone strength, and reduced pro-inflammatory cytokines in the HCHF rats. A dose-dependent effect of palm tocotrienol was also observed in preventing MetS conditions. In conclusion, palm tocotrienol prevents both MetS and bone loss, possibly through its anti-inflammatory properties.