Palliative effects of Moringa olifera ethanolic extract on hemato-immunologic impacts of melamine in rats. (April 2018)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Abd-Elhakim, Yasmina M.; El Bohi, Khlood M.; Hassan, Sahar Khalifa; El Sayed, Shorouk; Abd-Elmotal, Sabry M.
• Is Part Of: Food and chemical toxicology. Volume 114(2018)
• Page Start: 1
• Page End: 10
• Publication Date: 2018-04
• Subjects: Melamine -- Moringa olifera -- Immune function -- Erythrogram -- Leukogram; Toxicology -- Periodicals; Food poisoning -- Periodicals; Food Poisoning -- Periodicals; Toxicology -- Periodicals; Toxicologie -- Périodiques; Intoxications alimentaires -- Périodiques; Food poisoning; Toxicology; Periodicals; Electronic journals; 615.9
• DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.02.020
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0278-6915

Abstract

Abstract: Melamine (MEL) is a widespread food contaminant and adulterant. Moringa olifera is a widely known medicinal plant with various pharmacological properties. Herein, this study aimed to investigate, for the first time, the probable protective or therapeutic role of M. olifera ethanolic extract (MOE) against MEL induced hemato-immune toxic hazards. Fifty Sprague Dawely male rats were orally treated with distilled water, MOE (800 mg/kg bw), MEL (700 mg/kg bw), MOE/MEl or MOE + MEl. Erythrogram and leukogram profiling were evaluated to assess hematological status. Innate immune functions were evaluated via measuring lysozyme levels, nitric oxide concentration, and bactericidal activity of phagocytes. Serum immunoglobulin levels were estimated as indicators of humoral immunity. Histologic and immunohistochemical evaluations of splenic tissues were also performed. The results indicated that MEL caused a significant decline in RBC, Hb, PCV, total WBC, neutrophil, lymphocyte, phagocytes bactericidal activity, lysozyme activity, nitric oxide, total IgM and IgG levels. Also, MEL induced various pathologic lesions in the spleen with strong expression of CD4 and CD8 positive cells. MOE significantly counteracted the former anaemic, leucopenic, innate and humoral depressant effects of MEL particularly at co-exposure. In conclusion, these findings revealed that MOE could be candidate therapy against MEL hemato-immunotoxic impacts. Highlights: Melamine (MEL) impairs innate and humoral immune functions. Moringa olifera methanolic extract (MOE) contains oleic and palmitic acids as major constituents. MOE safeguards against MEL hemato-immunotoxic impacts especially at co-exposure.